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with gerund

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1 Gerund

Герундий

↑ Finite and non-finite verbs

1) Герундий представляет собой неличную форму глагола. Синтаксические функции герундия близки функциям существительного.

2) Герундий может быть простым (simple) и перфектным (perfect), иметь формы действительного (active gerund — активный герундий) и страдательного залога (passive gerund — пассивный герундий).

3) Образование форм герундия:

Simple gerund active (простой активный герундий): reading

Simple gerund passive (простой пассивный герундий): being read

Perfect gerund active (перфектный активный герундий): having read

Perfect gerund passive (перфектный пассивный герундий): having been read

4) Употребление герундия в форме действительного залога (active gerund) и в форме страдательного залога (passive gerund):

Если действие, выраженное герундием, совершается лицом (предметом), к которому оно относится, то герундий употребляется в форме действительного залога (active). Если действие, выраженное герундием, совершается над лицом (предметом), к которому оно относится, то герундий употребляется в форме страдательного залога (passive).

I like inviting my friends to my house — Я люблю приглашать к себе друзей.

I like being invited by my friends — Я люблю, когда друзья приглашают меня к себе.

John remembers having shown me the book — Джон помнит, что показывал мне эту книгу.

John remembers having been shown the book — Джон помнит, что ему показывали эту книгу.

5) Употребление простого (simple) и перфектного (perfect) герундия:

Простой герундий употребляется, когда действие, которое он выражает, происходит одновременно с действием, выраженным глаголом в личной форме либо относится к будущему времени. Простой герундий может также обозначать действие вообще, действие, не соотносящееся с каким-либо временем. Перфектный герундий употребляют (преимущественно после глаголов admit, deny, forget, recall, regret, remember, а также после предлогов), если нужно подчеркнуть, что действие, которое он выражает, предшествует действию, выраженному глаголом в личной форме. Предшествующее действие может быть выражено также и простым герундием.

She walked on without turning her head — Она шла, не поворачивая головы.

I think of going to Paris — Я думаю поехать в Париж.

I like swimming — Люблю плавать.

I don't remember having heard (hearing) the legend before — Я не помню, чтобы когда-нибудь слышал эту легенду.

He is proud of having won (winning) the first place — Он гордится тем, что занял первое место.

6) Герундий употребляется в герундиальных оборотах (см. ing- clause)

7) Герундий употребляется в различных синтаксических функциях. В частности, герундий употребляется:

а) в качестве подлежащего

Reading bored him — Чтение нагоняло на него скуку.

б) в качестве части составного именного сказуемого

My hobby is dancing — Мое хобби — танцы.

в) в качестве дополнения или части сложного дополнения ( Complex object). Об этом см. Verb + ing-form

I detest writing letters — Ненавижу писать письма.

I can't understand him leaving his wife — Не могу понять, как он мог оставить свою жену.

г) с глаголами come - приходить и go - идти в функции обстоятельства цели (при этом употребляется герундий, образованный от глаголов, обозначающих деятельность, происходящую вне дома: climbing, dancing, driving, fishing, riding, sailing, shopping, skiing).

They are going skiing — Они собираются кататься на лыжах.

Come dancing — Приходи потанцевать.

д) в качестве дополнения при существительных и определения при прилагательных.

It's difficult finding your way around in a strange town — Трудно сориентироваться в незнакомом городе.

It's a nightmare worrying where the children might be — Ужасно волноваться о том, куда могли пойти дети

8) Герундий употребляется после предлогов. Комбинация предлог + ing- clause может выполнять разные синтаксические функции, в частности, играть роль предложного дополнения при глаголах, прилагательных, причастиях, требующих после себя определенных предлогов. О сочетании предлог + ing- clause в роли обстоятельства см. Prepositions with ing-form.

He is thinking of emigrating — Он подумывает об эмиграции.

I am fond of diving — Я люблю нырять.

I'm sorry for keeping you waiting — Простите, что заставил вас ждать.

•

— Термин "инг"-форма см. Ing-form

English-Russian grammar dictionary > Gerund
2 I'm very much looking forward to + gerund

Общая лексика: Жду с нетерпением, когда смогу... (I'm very much looking forward to sitting down with you guys!)

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > I'm very much looking forward to + gerund
3 censeo

1.
cēnseo (on the long e, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 257 sq.), ui, censum (late Lat. censitum, Cod. Just. 11, 47 tit.; 11, 49 tit.; 11, 47, 4 al.; but not in Monum. Ancyr.; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 557), 2, v. a. [etym. dub.; often referred to root cas-, whence carmen, camoenus; but prob. from centum, orig. centere, to hundred or number the people; cf. Fischer, Gram. 1, p. 373].
I.
To tax, assess, rate, estimate.
A.
In reference to the census (v. census).
1.
Of the censor (v. censor).
(α).
Rarely act. with acc. of the persons or objects assessed or rated; but usu. pass., with subj. -nom.:
censores populi aevitates, suboles, familias, pecuniasque censento,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7:
census quom sum, juratori recte rationem dedi,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 30:
censor ad quojus censionem, id est arbitrium, populus censeretur,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 81 Mull.:
census... indicat eum qui sit census se jam tum gessisse pro cive,
Cic. Arch. 5, 11: absentis censere jubere, P. Scipio ap. Gell. 5, 19, 16: ne absens censeare. Cic. Att. 1, 18, 8:
sub lustrum censeri,
id. ib.:
milia octoginta eo lustro civium censa dicuntur,
Liv. 1, 44, 2:
censa civium capita centum septendecim milia trecenta undeviginti,
id. 3, 24, 10; id. Epit. lib. 11; 13; 14:
censebantur ejus aetatis lustris ducena quinquagena milia capitum,
id. 9, 19, 2:
cum capitum liberorum censa essent CLII. milia,
Plin. 33, 1, 5, § 16: quid se vivere, quid in parte civium censeri, si... id obtinere universi non possint? Liv 7, 18, 5.—
(β).
With the amount at which the property was rated, in the acc.: or abl.:
praesertim census equestrem Summam nummorum,
being assessed with the estate necessary to a Roman knight, Hor. A. P. 383:
primae classis homines quicentum et viginti quinque milia aeris ampliusve censi erant... Ceterarumque omnium classium qui minore summa aeris censebantur,
Gell. 7 (6), 13, 1 sq.—Hence, capite censi, those who were assessed ac cording to their ability to labor: qui nullo [p. 312] aut perquam parvo aere censebantur capite censi vocabantur. Extremus autem census capite censorum aeris fuit trecentis septuaginta quinque, Jul. Paul. ap. Gell. 16, 10, 10; Sall. J. 86, 2; Gell. 16, 10, 11; 16, 10, 14; Val. Max. 2, 3, 1; 7, 6, 1;
and in the finite verb: omnia illius (i. e. sapientis) esse dicimus, cum... capite censebitur,
Sen. Ben. 7, 8, 1. —
(γ).
Absol. in gerund.: censendi, censendo, ad censendum = census agendi, censui agendo, etc.: haec frequentia quae convenit ludorum censendique causa (i.e. census agendi causa, for the sake of the census), Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 54:
mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem operosam... suo proprio magistratu egere... cui arbitrium formulae censendi subiceretur,
the scheme for taking the census, Liv. 4, 8, 4:
quia is censendo finis factus est,
id. 1, 44, 2:
civis Romanos ad censendum ex provinciis in Italiam revocarunt,
Vell. 2, 15:
aetatem in censendo significare necesse est... aetas autem spectatur censendi tempore,
Dig. 50, 15, 3.—
(δ).
Censum censere = censum agere, only in the gerundial dat.:
illud quaero, sintne illa praedia censui censendo, habeant jus civile,
are they subject to the census, Cic. Fl. 32, 80: censores... edixerunt, legem censui censendo dicturos esse ut, etc., that he would add a rule for the taking of the census, according to which, etc., Liv. 43, 14, 5: censui censendo agri proprie appellantur qui et emi et venire jure civili possunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 5 Mull.—
2.
Of the assessment of the provinces under provincial officers (censores, and, under the later emperors, censitores).
(α).
Pass., with the territory as subject-nom.: quinto quoque anno Sicilia tota censetur;
erat censa praetore Paeducaeo... quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset, censa denuo est,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139:
omne territorium censeatur quoties, etc.,
Cod. Just. 11, 58 (57), 4.—
(β).
The persons assessed as subject:
ubi (coloni) censiti atque educati natique sunt,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 6:
quos in locis eisdem censitos esse constabit,
ib. 11, 48 (47), 4.—With part. as attribute:
rusticos censitosque servos vendi,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7.—
(γ).
To determine by the census:
cum antea per singulos viros, per binas vero mulieres capitis norma sit censa,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 10:
nisi forte privilegio aliquo materna origo censeatur,
Dig. 50, 1, 1, § 2.—
(δ).
Act. with acc.:
vos terras vestras levari censitione vultis, ego vero etiam aerem vestrum censere vellem,
Spart. Pescen. Nig. 7.—
3.
Of the person assessed, to value, make a statement of one ' s property in the census.
(α).
Act. with acc.:
in qua tribu ista praedia censuisti?
Cic. Fl. 32, 80.—
(β).
Censeri, as dep. with acc.:
census es praeterea numeratae pecuniae CXXX. Census es mancipia Amyntae... Cum te audisset servos suos esse censum, constabat inter omnes, si aliena censendo Decianus sua facere posset, etc.,
Cic. Fl. 32, 80; cf. Ov. P. 1, 2, 140; v. B. 2. c.—
4.
Hence, subst.: cēnsum, i, n.: quorum luxuries fortunata censa peperit, i.e. high estimates of property in the census, Cic. ap. Non. 202, 23 (Fragm. vol. xi. p. 134 B. and K.).
B.
Transf., of things and persons in gen., to value, estimate, rate.
1.
By a figure directly referring to the Roman census: aequo mendicus atque ille opulentissimus Censetur censu ad Acheruntem mortuus, will be rated by an equal census, i.e. in the same class, without considering their property, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 93: vos qui potestis ope vostra censerier, referring to a part of the audience, you, who may be rated according to your intelligence, analog. to capite censi (v. I. A. 1. b), id. Capt. prol. 15:
nam argumentum hoc hic censebitur,
will be rated, its census-class will be determined here, id. Poen. prol. 56: id in quoque optimum esse debet cui nascitur, quo censetur, according to which he is rated, i.e. his worth is determined, Sen. Ep. 76, 8.—And with two acc.: quintus Phosphorus, Junonia, immo Veneris stella censetur, is ranked as the fifth, App. de Mundo, p. 710.—
2.
With direct reference to the census.
a.
= aestimo, to estimate, weigh, value, appreciate.
(α).
With gen. of price:
dic ergo quanti censes?
Plaut. Rud. 4, 8, 8.—
(β).
In the pass.: si censenda nobis atque aestimanda res sit, utrum tandem pluris aestimemus pecuniam Pyrrhi? etc., if we have to weigh and estimate a thing, etc., Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48:
anule... In quo censendum nil nisi dantis amor,
Ov. Am. 2, 15, 2:
interim autem facta sola censenda dicit atque in judicium vocanda,
Gell. 7 (6), 3, 47.—
b.
= honorari, celebrari, with de aliquo, = for the sake of somebody (in Ovid):
pro quibus ut maneat, de quo censeris, amicus, Comprecor, etc.,
the friend for the sake of whom you are celebrated, who is the cause of your renown, Ov. P. 2, 5, 73:
hoc domui debes de qua censeris,
id. ib. 3, 1, 75.—
c.
Censeri, dep., = to distinguish, with acc. only once or twice in Ovid (v. I. A. 3. b):
hanc semper... Est inter comites Marcia censa suas,
has always distinguished her, Ov. P. 1, 2, 140.—
d.
Censeri aliqua re.
(α).
= to be appreciated, distinguished, celebrated for some quality, as if the quality were a standard determining the census, analog. to capite censeri (v. I. A. 1. b), very freq. in post-class. writings:
Democritus cum divitiis censeri posset,
when he might have been celebrated for his wealth, Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 4:
Aristides quo totius Graeciae justitia censetur (quo = cujus justitia),
id. 5, 3, ext. 3 med.: te custode matronalis stola censetur ( = tua, i.e. pudicitiae, custodia), the stola, etc., is appreciated for thy custody, id. 6, 1 prooem.:
una adhuc victoria Carius Metius censebatur,
Tac. Agr. 45:
ut ipsi quoque qui egerunt non aliis magis orationibus censeantur,
id. Dial. 39 fin.: non vitibus tantum censeri Chium, sed et operibus Anthermi filiorum, is celebrated not only for its grapes, but, etc., Plin. 36, 5, 2, § 12:
et Galliae censentur hoc reditu,
id. 19, 1, 2, § 7:
quisquis paulo vetustior miles, hic te commilitone censetur,
is distinguished for the fact that you were his fellow-soldier, Plin. Pan. 15 fin.:
multiplici variaque doctrina censebatur,
Suet. Gram. 10:
felix quae tali censetur munere tellus,
Mart. 9, 16, 5: censetur Apona Livio suo tellus, = for the fact that Livy was born there, id. 1, 61, 3:
hi duo longaevo censentur Nestore fundi,
for the fact that Nestor used them, id. 8, 6, 9:
nec laude virorum censeri contenta fuit (Iberia),
Claud. Laud. Seren. 67:
libri mei non alia laude carius censentur, quam quod judicio vestro comprobantur,
App. Flor. 4, 18, 3.—Hence,
(β).
= to be known by something (Appuleian):
hoc nomine censebatur jam meus dominus,
App. M. 8, p. 171:
nomen quo tu censeris aiebat,
id. ib. 5, p. 106: pro studio bibendi quo solo censetur, either known by, or distinguished for, id. Mag. p. 499:
globorum caelestium supremum esse eum qui inerrabili meatu censetur,
which is known by its unerring course, id. Phil. Nat. 1, p. 582.— And,
(γ).
As gram. t. t., to be marked by some peculiarity, according to which a word is classified: neque de armis et moeniis infitias eo quin figura multitudinis perpetua censeantur, that they are marked by the form of constant plurality, i. e. that they are pluralia tantum, Gell. 19, 8, 5; 10, 20, 8; 19, 13, 3.
II.
Of transactions in and by the Senate, to judge (in the meanings II. and III. the passive voice is not in class. use, while in I. the passive voice is by far the most freq.).
A.
To be of opinion, to propose, to vote, to move, referring to the votes of the senators when asked for their opinions (sententiam dicere).
1.
With a (passive) inf.-clause, denoting what should be decreed by the Senate (esse usu. omitted): rex his ferme verbis patres consulebat... Dic, inquit ei, quid censes? tum ille Puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo, I am of the opinion ( I move, propose) that satisfaction should be sought, etc., ancient formula ap. Liv. 1, 32, 11 sq.:
primum igitur acta Caesaris servanda censeo,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16:
hoc autem tempore ita censeo decernendum,
id. ib. 5, 17, 45; 5, 6, 16; 5, 12, 31; 5, 12, 34; 5, 13, 36; 5, 14, 38; 5, 19, 53; 6, 1, 2; 9, 6, 14; 11, 15, 40; 12, 7, 17; 14, 1, 1; 14, 13, 35; cf.
Regulus's advice in the Senate, being represented as a vote: captivos in senatu reddendos non censuit,
Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39; 3, 31, 111:
quare ita ego censeo... de confessis more majorum supplicium sumendum,
Sall. C. 52, 36; 51, 8; 52, 14:
Appius imperio consulari rem agendam censebat,
Liv. 2, 23, 15:
ut multi (senatores) delendam urbem censerent,
id. 9, 26, 3; 2, 29, 7; 3, 40, 13; 10, 12, 1; 34, 4, 20; 38, 54, 6: cum ejus diei senatus consulta aureis litteris figenda in curia censuisset, Tac. A. 3, 57:
ut nonnulli dedendum eum hostibus censuerint,
Suet. Caes. 24; so id. ib. 14; id. Aug. 100; id. Tib. 4; id. Calig. 60; id. Claud. 26; id. Ner. 2; id. Vesp. 2. Of the emperor's vote in the Senate:
commutandam censuit vocem, et pro peregrina nostratem requirendam,
Suet. Tib. 71; so id. ib. 34; id. Aug. 55.—And with the copula expressed (very rare):
qui censet eos... morte esse multandos,
Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 7.—Sometimes referring to sententia as subject:
sententia quae censebat reddenda bona (inst. of eorum qui censebant),
Liv. 2, 4, 3.—Sometimes with oportere for the gerundial predic. inf.:
quibusdam censentibus (eum) Romulum appellari oportere,
Suet. Aug. 7.—With pres. inf., inst. of a gerundial:
hac corona civica L. Gellius in senatu Ciceronem consulem donari a re publica censuit,
Gell. 5, 6, 15 (cf. II. B. 1. b.).—If the opinion of the senator does not refer to the chief question, but to incidental points, the predic. inf. may have any form:
eas leges quas M. Antonius tulisse dicitur omnes censeo per vim et contra auspicia latas, eisque legibus populum non teneri,
Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 10:
cum magna pars senatus... cum tyrannis bellum gerendum fuisse censerent... et urbem recipi, non capi, etc.,
Liv. 26, 32, 2.—
2.
With ut, and negatively, ut ne or ne, generally when the clause has an active predicate, but also with passives instead of the gerundial inf.-clause:
de ea re ita censeo uti consules designati dent operam uti senatus Kal. Jan. tuto haberi possit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 37:
censeo ut iis qui in exercitu Antonii sunt, ne sit ea res fraudi, si, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 12, 34:
censebant omnes fere (senatores) ut in Italia supplementum meis et Bibuli legionibus scriberetur,
id. Fam. 3, 3, 1:
Cn. Pompeius (in senatu) dixit, sese... censere ut ad senatus auctoritatem populi quoque Romani beneficium erga me adjungeretur,
id. Sest. 34, 74:
quas ob res ita censeo: eorum qui cum M. Antonio sunt, etc.... iis fraudi ne sit quod cum M. Antonio fuerint,
id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:
Calidius, qui censebat ut Pompeius in suas provincias proficisceretur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 2:
censuerunt quidam (senatores) ut Pannonicus, alii ut Invictus cognominaretur,
Suet. Tib. 17:
iterum censente ut Trebianis... concederetur (of the emperor's vote in the Senate),
id. ib. 31.—And an inf.-clause, with neu or ut:
sed ita censeo: publicandas eorum pecunias, etc.: neu quis postea de his ad senatum referat, etc.,
Sall. C. 51, 43:
qui partem bonorum publicandam, pars ut liberis relinqueretur, censuerat,
Tac. A. 4, 20.—
3.
With a subj.-clause, without ut (rare in this connection;
v. III. C. 3.): K. Fabius censuit... occuparent patres ipsi suum munus facere, captivum agrum plebi quam maxime aequaliter darent,
Liv. 2, 48, 2.— And ironically with regard to incidental points: vereamini censeo ne... nimis aliquid severe statuisse videamini, I propose you should be afraid of having decreed too severe a punishment = of course, you will not be afraid, etc., Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13: misereamini censeo—deliquere homines adulescentuli per ambitionem—atque etiam armatos dimittatis, I propose that you pity them, etc., or I advise you to be merciful, Sall. C. 52, 26.—
4.
Ellipt., with a gerundial clause understood:
dic quid censes (i. e. decernendum),
Liv. 1, 32, 11: quod ego mea sententia censebam (i.e. decernendum), Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5, 2:
senati decretum fit, sicut ille censuerat,
Sall. C. 53, 1:
quas ob res ita censeo... senatui placere, etc. ( = ita decernendum censeo, etc.),
Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 15, § 17 sq.; 10, 11, 25 sq.; 11, 12, 29 sq.; 14, 14, 36 sq.—
5.
= sententiam dicere, to tell, to express one ' s opinion in the Senate (post-class.).
(α).
Absol.: Priscus Helvidius.. contra studium ejus (sc. Vitellii) censuerat, had voted, or had expressed an opinion against his wishes, Tac. H. 2, 91:
cum parum sit, in senatu breviter censere, nisi, etc.,
id. Dial. 36 fin.:
sententias... prout libuisset perrogabat... ac si censendum magis quam adsentiendum esset,
Suet. Aug. 35:
igitur Cn. Piso, quo, inquit, loco censebis, Caesar? si primus, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 74.—
(β).
With adjectives in the neuter, substantively used: nec quoquam reperto (in senatu) qui... referre aut censere aliquid auderet, who dared to express an opinion on any [p. 313] thing, Suet. Caes. 20:
per dissensionem diversa censentium,
of the senators who expressed different opinions, id. Claud. 10.—
(γ).
With interrog. or rel.-clause:
deinde ageret senatorem et censeret quid corrigi aut mutari vellet,
Tac. A. 16, 28:
cum censeat aliquis (in senatu) quod ex parte mihi placeat,
Sen. Ep. 21, 9.
B.
Of the decrees or resolutions of the Senate, = decernere, placere, to resolve, decree.
1.
With inf.-clause.
a.
With gerund, without copula (v. II. A. 1.):
eum, cujus supplicio senatus sollennes religiones expiandas saepe censuit,
Cic. Mil. 27, 73:
eos senatus non censuit redimendos,
id. Off. 3, 32, 114; so id. N. D. 2, 4, 10; id. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 15:
senatus Caelium ab republica removendum censuit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 21:
senatus censuit frequens coloniam Labicos deducendam,
Liv. 4, 47, 6; 5, 24, 4:
cum bello persequendos Tusculanos patres censuissent,
id. 6, 25, 5; 3, 42, 6; 3, 49, 8; 7, 19, 7 et saep.—
b.
With pres. inf. pass. or act., with the force of a gerundial:
de bonis regiis quae reddi antea censuerant ( = reddenda),
Liv. 2, 5, 1:
munera mitti legatis ex binis milibus aeris censuerunt (i.e. patres),
id. 43, 5, 8; so id. 45, 44, 15 (v. 2. b.):
eundem jus dicere Romae... patres censuerant,
id. 45, 12, 13:
cum senatus unum consulem, nominatimque Gnaeum Pompeium fieri censuisset,
Suet. Caes. 26.—With both act. and pass. inf.:
censuere patres, duas provincias Hispaniam rursus fieri... et Macedoniam Illyricumque eosdem... obtinere,
Liv. 45, 16, 1.—With both pres. pass. and gerund. inff.:
haec ita movere senatum, ut non expectanda comitia consuli censerent, sed dictatorem... dici,
Liv. 27, 5, 14.—
And with velle: senatus verbis nuntient, velle et censere eos ab armis discedere, etc.,
Sall. J. 21, 4.—
2.
With ut or ne.
a.
In the words of the Senate, according to formula: quod L. Opimius verba fecit de re publica, de ea re ita censuerunt uti L. Opimius consul rem publicam defenderet, etc., ancient S. C. ap. Cic. Phil. 8, 4, 14: quod, etc., de ea re ita censuerunt ut M. Pomponius praetor animadverteret curaretque ut si, etc., S. C. ap. Suet. Rhet. 1; Gell. 15, 4, 1.—And with gerundial inf.-clause: quod C. Julius pontifex... de ea re ita censuerunt, uti M. Antonius consul hostiis majoribus... procuraret... Ibus uti procurasset satis habendum censuerunt, S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2.—
b.
As related by the historians, etc.:
quoniam senatus censuisset, uti quicunque Galliam provinciam obtineret... Aeduos defenderet,
Caes. B. G. 1, 35:
patres censuerunt uti consules provincias inter se compararent,
Liv. 30, 40, 12:
senatus censuit ut domus ei... publica impensa restitueretur,
Suet. Claud. 6;
so with reference to the civil law,
Dig. 49, 14, 15 quater. —With ne:
senatum censuisse, ne quis illo anno genitus educaretur,
Suet. Aug. 94.—And with inf -clause:
filio regis Nicomedi ex ea summa munera dari censuerunt, et ut victimae... praeberentur,
Liv. 45, 44, 15.—
3.
With a subj.-clause (very rare):
senatus consulto quo censeretur, darent operam consules, etc.,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 73, 10.—
4.
With neutr. acc. pron. in place of a clause:
cum vero id senatus frequens censuisset (sc. faciendum),
Cic. Pis. 8, 18:
ite in suffragium, et quae patres censuerunt vos jubete,
Liv. 31, 7, 14:
quodcunque vos censueritis,
id. 34, 7, 15:
quodpatres censuissent,
id. 28, 45, 2.—
5.
With accusative of a noun, or a noun as passive subject, to decree or vote a thing (postclass.):
nec tamen repertum nisi ut effigies principum, aras deum, templa et arcus aliaque solita... censuere,
Tac. A. 3, 57:
aram Clementiae, aram Amicitiae, effigiesque... censuere,
id. ib. 4, 74: cum censeretur clipeus auro et magnitudine insignis inter auctores eloquentiae ( to be placed among, etc.), id. ib. 2, 83.—
6.
With both acc. and dat.
(α).
The dat. = against:
bellum Samnitibus et patres censuerunt et populus jussit,
Liv. 10, 12, 3.—
(β).
The dat. = in behalf of:
censentur Ostorio triumphi insignia,
Tac. A. 12, 38.—And with ut:
sententiis eorum qui supplicationes et... vestem Principi triumphalem, utque ovans urbem iniret, effigiesque ejus... censuere,
id. ib. 13, 8.
III.
Transf.
A.
Of the opinions and resolutions of other deliberating bodies, or of their members, to resolve, or to be of opinion.
1.
With inf.-clause.
a.
Gerundial:
erant qui censerent de tertia vigilia in castra Cornelia recedendum (council of war),
Caes. B. C. 2, 30:
erant sententiae quae conandum omnibus modis castraque Vari oppugnanda censerent,
id. ib.; so id. ib. 2, 31; id. B. G. 2, 31 fin.; 7, 21; 7, 77:
pontifices, consules, patres conscripti mihi... pecunia publica aedificandam domum censuerunt,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52: nunc surgendum censeo, I move we adjourn (in a literary meeting), id. de Or. 2, 90, 367:
cum... pontifices solvendum religione populum censerent,
Liv. 5, 23, 9:
nunc has ruinas relinquendas non censerem (in an assembly of the people),
id. 5, 53, 3:
ego ita censeo, legatos extemplo Romam mittendos (in the Carthaginian Senate),
id. 21, 10, 13:
ante omnia Philippum et Macedonas in societatem belli... censeo deducendos esse (Hannibal in a council of war),
id. 36, 7, 3; 5, 36, 8; Curt. 10, 6, 22; 10, 8, 12:
cum septem judices cognovissent, duo censuerunt, reum exilio multandum, duo alii pecunia, tres reliqui capite puniendum,
Gell. 9, 15, 7.—And with oportere inst. of a gerundial clause (referring to duty):
neque sine gravi causa eum locum quem ceperant, dimitti censuerant oportere,
Caes. B. C. 1, 44.—With opus esse ( = expediency):
Parmenio furto, non proelio opus esse censebat,
Curt. 10, 8, 12.—
b.
With ordinary pres. inf.
(α).
In place of a gerundial:
Antenor censet belli praecidere = praecidendam causam (in a council of war),
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 9.—
(β).
Denoting opinion about an existing state:
Hasdrubal ultimam Hispaniae oram... ignaram adhuc Romanorum esse, eoque Carthaginiensibus satis fidam censebat,
Liv. 27, 20, 6:
Parmenio non alium locum proelio aptiorem esse censebat,
Curt. 3, 7, 8.—
2.
With ut or ne:
censeo ut satis diu te putes requiesse et iter reliquum conficere pergas (in a literary meeting),
Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 290:
plerique censebant ut noctu iter facerent (council of war),
Caes. B. C. 1, 67:
et nunc magnopere censere, ut unam anum... triginta milibus talentum auri permutet (council of war),
Curt. 4, 11, 12:
censeout D. Claudius ex hac die deus fiat (council of the gods),
Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 9, 5: antiquos audio censuisse, ne (praenomina) cui ejusdem gentis patricio inderentur, resolved (family council), Gell. 9, 2, 11 (cf. Liv. 6, 20, 14).—
3.
With subj.-clause:
nunc quoque arcessas censeo omnes navalis terrestrisque copias (Hannibal in council of war),
Liv. 36, 7, 17: censeo relinquamus nebulonem hunc, eamus hinc protinus Jovi Optimo Maximo gratulatum (assembly of the people), Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3.—
4.
With acc. neutr. of a pron. or adj. substantively used:
ego pro sententia mea hoc censeo: quandoquidem, etc.,
Sen. Lud. Mort. Claud. 11, 4:
nec dubitavere quin vera censeret,
that his opinion was correct, Curt. 10, 6, 18.—
5.
Ellipt.:
sententiis quarum pars deditionem, pars eruptionem censebat (i.e. faciendam),
Caes. B. G. 7, 77 init.:
ita uti censuerant Italici deditionem facit,
Sall. J. 26, 2; so Caes. B. G. 7, 75.
B.
Of the orders of persons in authority (cf. II. B.).
1.
Of commanders, etc., by courtesy, inst. of velle, imperare, or a direct imperative sentence.
(α).
With gerundial inf. - clause: non tam imperavi quam censui sumptus legatis quam maxime ad legem Corneliam decernendos, I said, not strictly as an order, but as an opinion that, etc. (Cicero as proconsul), Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 6.—
(β).
With subj.-clause: arma quae ad me missuri eratis, iis censeo armetis milites quos vobiscum habetis, you had better, etc., Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, 4. —
2.
Of an order by the people (rare;
gen. populus jubet): ita id (foedus) ratum fore si populus censuisset (i. e. confirmandum esse),
Liv. 21, 19, 3.—
3.
Of the later emperors, in their ordinances (censemus = placet nobis, sancimus, imperamus, from the custom of the earlier emperors, who conveyed their commands in the form of an opinion in the senate; v. II. A. 1.).—With inf.clause, ut, ne, and subj.-clause:
sex mensium spatium censemus debere servari,
Cod. Just. 11, 48 (47), 7:
censemus ut, etc.,
ib. 12, 37 (38), 13:
censemus ne, etc.,
ib. 12, 44 (45), 1: censemus vindicet, remaneat, ib. 11, 48 (47), 23:
in commune jubes si quid censesve tenendum, Primus jussa subi,
Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 296.
C.
Of advice, given by one person to another (further development of III. A.).
1.
Ante-class. formula: faciundum censeo = I advise, with ut-clause, with quid, sic, etc.: censeo faciundum ut quadringentos aliquos milites ad verrucam illam ire jubeas, etc., I advise you to order, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 3, 7, 6:
ego Tiresiam... consulam, Quid faciundum censeat,
consult Tiresias as to what he advises, for his advice, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 80:
consulam hanc rem amicos quid faciundum censeant,
id. Men. 4, 3, 26; id. Most. 3, 1, 23:
sic faciundum censeo: Da isti cistellam, etc.,
id. Cist. 4, 2, 104:
ego sic faciundum censeo: me honestiu'st Quam te, etc.,
id. As. 4, 2, 11; id. Ep. 2, 2, 91:
sane faciundum censeo,
id. Stich. 4, 2, 38.—
2.
With ordinary gerundial inf.-clauses:
narrandum ego istuc militi censebo,
I advise you to let the soldier know that, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 42:
exorando sumendam operam censeo,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 22:
quid nunc consili captandum censes?
id. As. 2, 2, 91; id. Mil. 5, 25; id. Most. 1, 3, 115:
idem tibi censeo faciendum,
Cic. Off. 10, 1, 3:
quos quidem tibi studiose et diligenter tractandos magno opere censeo,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 79; id. Fam. 12, 28, 2.—Sometimes by aequum censere with an inf.-clause (in the comic poets):
amicos consulam quo me modo Suspendere aequom censeant potissumum,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 50: qui homo cum animo... depugnat suo, Utrum ita se esse mavelit ut eum animus aequom censeat, An ita potius ut parentes... velint i. e. as his mind prompts him, id. Trin. 2, 2, 29; cf. E. 1. b. 8.—
3.
With a subj.clause (so esp. with censeo in 1 st pers.): censen' hominem interrogem? do you advise me to ask the man? etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 20:
tu, si videbitur, ita censeo facias ut... supersedeas hoc labore itineris (cf.: faciundum censeo ut, 1. supra),
Cic. Fam. 4, 2, 4:
immo plane, inquam, Brute, legas (Gracchum) censeo,
id. Brut. 33, 125:
tu, si forte quid erit molestiae te ad Crassum et Calidium conferas censeo,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7:
tu, censeo, tamen adhibeas Vettium,
id. Att. 2, 4, 7:
quae disputari de amicitia possunt, ab iis censeo petatis qui ista profitentur,
id. Lael. 5, 17: tu, censeo, Luceriam venias: nusquam eris tutius, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 1, 1; 8, 11, A:
censeo Via Appia iter facias, et celeriter Brundusium venias,
id. ib. 8, 11, C: ad Caesarem mittas censeo, et ab eo hoc petas, Anton. ib. 10, 10, 2: sed hos tamen numeros censeo videas hodou parergon, Gell. 17, 20, 5:
quam scit uterque, libens censebo exerceat artem,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 44 (cf. Liv. 36, 7, 17, and Gell. 4, 18, 3, quoted III. A. 3.).—Of an advice given to an adversary, with irony:
cetera si qua putes te occultius facere posse... magnopere censeo desistas,
I strongly advise you to give up that idea, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 68, § 174:
sed tu, Acci, consideres censeo diligenter, utrum censorum judicium grave esse velis an Egnatii,
id. Clu. 48, 135:
postulant ut excipiantur haec inexplicabilia. Tribunum censeant: aliquem adeant: a me... numquam impetrabunt,
id. Ac. 2, 30, 97:
ibi quaeratis socios censeo, ubi Saguntina clades ignota est,
Liv. 21, 19, 10:
solvas censeo, Sexte, creditori,
Mart. 2, 13, 2.—And in jest:
Treviros vites censeo, audio capitalis esse,
Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2:
hi Plebei fuerunt, quos contemnas censeo... qua re ad patres censeo revertare,
id. ib. 9, 21, 3:
vites censeo porticum Philippi: si te viderit Hercules, peristi,
Mart. 5, 49, 13; so id. ib. 11, 99, 8; 12, 61, 7.—For ironical senatorial advice, by which the contrary is meant, v. Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 52, 26, quoted II. A. 3.—
4.
With an ut-clause (with monere;
very rare): illud tamen vel tu me monuisse vel censuisse puta... ut tu quoque animum inducas, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 4, 8, 2.—
5.
With a clause understood: quo me vortam nescio: Pa. Si deos salutas, dextrovorsum censeo (i.e. id facias or faciundum censeo), Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 70: quo redeam? Pe. Equidem ad phrygionem censeo (i. e. redeas), id. Men. 4, 2, 53:
quid nunc censes, Chrysale? (i. e. faciundum),
id. Bacch. 4, 8, 112:
ita faciam ut frater censuit,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 11:
tibi igitur hoc censeo (i. e. faciendum): latendum tantisper ibidem, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 4: tu [p. 314] potes Kalendis spectare gladiatores, et ita censeo, id. ib. 16, 20:
quid censes igitur? Ecquidnam est tui consilii ad? etc.,
id. Att. 9, 12, 4: quid igitur censet (sapientia)? What is wisdom ' s advice? id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:
scribi quid placeat, quid censeas,
id. Att. 9, 19,4:
ibitur igitur, et ita quidem ut censes,
id. ib. 10, 15, 3:
disce, docendus adhuc, quae censet amiculus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 3.
D.
Of opinions and views on general questions, to be of opinion, think, believe, hold (cf.: statuo, existimo, puto, aio, dico; freq. in class. prose; very rare in post-class. writers except Gellius; never with ut, ne, or subj.-clause).
1.
With inf.-clause:
Plato mundum esse factum censet a deo sempiternum,
Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:
Cyrenaici non omni malo aegritudinem effici censent, sed insperato,
id. Tusc. 3, 13, 28:
(Hieronymus) censet summum bonum esse sine ulla molestia vivere,
id. Fin. 2, 5, 16:
Aristoteles eos qui valetudinis causa furerent, censebat habere aliquid in animis praesagiens,
id. Div. 1, 38, 81:
Pythagoras censuit animum esse per naturam rerum omnem intentum et commeantem,
id. ib. 1, 11, 27; so id. Ac. 1, 11, 40; 2, 42, 131; id. Fin. 1, 6, 20; 3, 15, 49; 3, 19, 64; 3, 21, 70; 4, 7, 17; 5, 7, 17; id. N. D. 1, 2, 3; 1, 2, 4; 1, 12, 29; 1, 13, 35 and 37; 1, 43, 120; 1, 44, 121; 2, 22, 57; 2, 16, 44; id. Sen. 12, 41; id. Leg. 1, 13, 36; id. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 10, 22; 1, 30, 72; 1, 45, 108; 3, 5, 11; 3, 22, 52; 4, 7, 14; id. Off. 1, 25, 88:
Plato in civitate communis esse mulieres censuit,
Gell. 18, 2, 8; 14, 5, 2; 18, 1, 4; 19, 12, 6.—If the opinion refers to what should be observed, oportere or debere is used, or a gerundial predicate with esse (so in Cic., but in Gell. 7, 15, 3, without esse):
oportere delubra esse in urbibus censeo,
Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 26:
M. Varro aeditumum dici oportere censet,
Gell. 12, 10, 4; 14, 5, 2;
so with debere,
id. 17, 5, 5; 13, 8, 4:
Cyrenaici... virtutem censuerunt ob eam rem esse laudandam,
Cic. Off. 3, 33, 116:
(Ennius) non censet lugendam esse mortem quam immortalitas consequatur,
id. Sen. 20, 73.—
2.
An inf.-clause understood:
(dissensio est), a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur initium. Ego enim ab ultimis censeo (i. e. exordiendum esse),
Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:
si, Mimnermus uti censet, sine amore jocisque Nil est jucundum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 65:
sic enim censuit,
Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117.—
3.
With neutr. acc. of a pron.: hoc amplius censeo, in addition to the opinions mentioned I hold, etc., Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2:
nullo (medico) idem censente,
Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 11.—
4.
With a rel.-clause:
Aesopus quae utilia... erant, non severe neque imperiose praecepit et censuit,
he imparted his teachings and views, Gell. 2, 29, 1.—
5.
Absol.:
non adligo me ad unum aliquem ex Stoicis proceribus. Est et mihi censendi jus,
the right to impart my opinions, Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 2.
E.
In gen., = arbitror, puto, existimo, judico (cf.: idem enim valet censere et arbitrari, Varr. ap. Non. p. 519, 29: censere nunc significat putare, nunc suadere, nunc decernere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 54, 11 Mull.).
1.
To judge, think, believe, suppose (freq. in ante-class. writings; very rare in Cic. except in the particular meanings, a.—ironically—and d.; always with inf.-clause expressed or understood).
a.
In gen.:
atque ego censui abs te posse hoc me impetrare,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 12 sq.:
satis jam delusam censeo: rem, ut est, nunc eloquamur,
id. As. 3, 3, 141:
nam si honeste censeam te facere posse, suadeam,
id. Mil. 4, 8, 60:
neque ego hac noctem longiorem me vidisse censeo,
id. Am. 1, 1, 126:
saluti quod tibi esse censeo,
id. Merc. 1, 35; so id. Am. 4, 3, 2; id. Most. 1, 3, 127; id. Pers. 1, 1, 9; 2, 2, 8; 2, 3, 75 sq.; id. Truc. 2, 2, 60; id. As. 2, 2, 33; id. Aul. 2, 4, 30; 2, 4, 36; id. Cas. 2, 8, 38; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 53; id. Phorm. 2, 2, 13: aut domino, cujum id censebis esse, reddes, Cincius, Re Mil. l. iii., de ap. Gell. 16, 4, 2:
eo namque omnem belli molem inclinaturam censebant (consules),
Liv. 7, 32, 3:
nec facturum aequa Samnitium populum censebant, si... oppugnarent,
id. 7, 31, 7:
quaeso ut ea quae dicam non a militibus imperatori dicta censeas,
id. 7, 13, 8:
at illa purgare se, quod quae utilia esse censebat... suasisset,
Curt. 8, 3, 7: Alexander, tam memorabili victoria laetus, qua sibi Orientis fines apertos esse censebat, id. 9, 1, 1; so id. 10, 8, 22.—
b.
With reference to an erroneous opinion, to imagine, suppose, falsely believe:
censebam me effugisse a vita marituma Ne navigarem, etc.,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 108:
omnes eum (sc. Jovem) esse (Amphitruonem) censent servi,
id. Am. prol. 122, 134:
jam hic ero, quom illic censebis esse me,
id. ib. 3, 3, 14:
ardere censui aedes,
id. ib. 5, 1, 15:
ego hunc censebam esse te,
id. Men. 5, 9, 13; so id. As. 5, 2, 20; id. Aul. 3, 5, 55; id. Bacch. 1, 2, 14; id. Men. 3, 3, 32; 5, 9, 76; id. Merc. 1, 2, 87; id. Poen. 1, 1, 54; 3, 1, 60; 3, 4, 25; id. Rud. 2, 4, 31; 4, 7, 35; id. Stich. 4, 2, 24; id. Truc. 1, 1, 72 et saep.: censuit se regem Porsenam occidere, Cass. Hem. ap. Non. p. 4, 88:
non ipsa saxa magis sensu omni vacabant quam ille... cui se hic cruciatum censet optare,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107.—And ironically:
nisi forte Diagoram aut Theodorum... censes superstitiosos fuisse,
Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 117:
nisi forte etiam illi Semproniano senatus consulto me censes adfuisse, qui ne Romae quidem fui,
id. Fam. 12, 29, 2:
neminem me fortiorem esse censebam,
Curt. 8, 14, 42.—
c.
Referring to what should take place.
(α).
With gerundial inf.-clause:
navis praedatoria, Abs qua cavendum nobis sane censeo,
Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 70:
soli gerundum censeo morem,
id. Most. 1, 3, 69:
neque vendundam censeo Quae libera est,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 39; so id. Eun. 4, 4, 53; 5, 8, 42; id. Hec. 4, 4, 94; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 17:
ceterum ei qui consilium adferret opem quoque in eam rem adferendam censebant esse,
Liv. 25, 11, 14.—
(β).
With oportere, debere, or an ordinary inf.-clause:
solam illi me soli censeo esse oportere obedientem,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 47:
quibus declaraveram, quo te animo censerem esse oportere, et quid tibi faciendum arbitrarer,
Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1:
rursus interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,
Curt. 8, 14, 43: impudens postulatio visa est, censere... ipsos id (bellum) advertere in se, agrosque suos pro alienis populandos obicere, to entertain the idea that they should direct that war against themselves and their own lands, etc., Liv. 21, 20, 4:
munere eum fungi prioris censet amici = eum fungi oportere,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5:
quae nos quoque sustinere censebat,
App. M. 11, p. 253.—
(γ).
By aequum censere with ordinary inf.clause, expressed or understood, either = it is fair ( right) to do something, or something ought or should be done (so very freq. in the comic poets and Livy; rare in other writers): non ego istunc me potius quam te metuere aequom censeo, I do not think it right to fear him, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 51: quid me aequom censes pro illa tibi dare? What do you think I should give as a fair price? etc., id. As. 1, 3, 76: meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui, I thought it my duty that my mind should, etc., id. Trin. 2, 2, 27: ecquis est tandem qui vestrorum... aequom censeat poenas dare ob eam rem quod arguatur male facere voluisse? Cato ap. Gell. 6 (7), 3, 36:
quis aequum censeret... receptos in fidem non defendi?
Liv. 21, 19, 5; so id. 24, 37, 7; 5, 3, 8; 22, 32, 6.—And without emphasis upon the idea of fairness or right:
si sunt ita ut ego aequom censeo,
as I think they ought to be, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 55; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 87; 2, 3, 1; id. Merc. 3, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 1, 11; id. Ep. 4, 1, 29; id. Stich. 2, 2, 20; 4, 1, 42:
qui aequom esse censeant, nos jam a pueris ilico nasci senes,
who believe that we should be born as old men right from childhood, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 2; so id. ib. 5, 5, 11; id. Ad. 4, 3, 10:
qui aequom censeant rem perniciosam utili praeponi,
Auct. Her. 2, 14, 22: (tribuni) intercedebant;
senatum quaerere de pecunia non relata in publicum... aequum censebant,
Liv. 38, 54, 5:
cives civibus parcere aequum censebat,
Nep. Thras. 2, 6.—
d.
Very freq., esp. in Cic., when a question, rhetorical or real, is addressed to a second person, often referring to erroneous opinions:
an fores censebas nobis publicitus praeberier?
Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 7:
clanculum istaec te flagitia facere censebas potesse?
id. Men. 4, 2, 47:
hicine nos habitare censes?
id. Trin. 4, 3, 72:
omnes cinaedos esse censes, tu quia es?
id. Men. 3, 2, 48; so id. As. 2, 4, 78; 5, 2, 37; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 41; 5, 2. 82; id. Capt. 4, 2, 66; 4, 2, 74; 5, 2, 16; id. Cas. 2, 6, 29; id. Men. 5, 5, 25: continuo dari Tibi verba censes? Ter. And. 3, 2, 25; so id. ib. 3, 3, 13; 4, 4, 55; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 38; id. Hec. 4, 1, 32; 4, 4, 53; id. Phorm. 5, 6, 35:
adeone me delirare censes ut ista esse credam?
Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 10:
nam cum in Graeco sermone haec... non videbantur, quid censes in Latino fore?
id. Fin. 3, 4, 15:
quid igitur censes? Apim illum nonne deum videri Aegyptiis?
id. N. D. 1, 29, 82:
quis haec neget esse utilia? quem censes?
id. Off. 3, 26, 99:
an censes me tantos labores... suscepturum fuisse, si, etc.,
id. Sen. 23, 82:
an vos Hirtium pacem velle censetis?
id. Phil. 12, 4, 9; so id. Brut. 50, 186; 85, 294; id. Tusc. 1, 5, 10 fin.; 2, 4, 11; 3, 13, 27; id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; id. N. D. 1, 8, 20; 1, 28, 78; 1, 44, 122; id. Leg. 2, 10, 23; id. Div. in Caecil. 16, 54; id. Phil. 1, 6, 13; 4, 3, 7; 7, 4, 14; 11, 1, 3; 11, 5, 10; 12, 3, 7; 12, 6, 13; 12, 8, 21; 12, 9, 22; 13, 2, 4; 14, 4, 10; id. Att. 10, 11, 4:
quid censes munera terrae?... quo spectanda modo, quo sensu credis et ore?
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 5 sqq.; so id. ib. 2, 2, 65; Lucr. 1, 973 (with obj.inf.).—With conditional period inst. of an inf.-clause:
num censes faceret, filium nisi sciret eadem haec velle,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 46.—
Sometimes censemus? is used in the same way as censes?
Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; id. Off. 2, 7, 25; id. Fam. 4, 9, 2.—
e.
With an inf.clause understood: itane tu censes? Pa. Quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27: quid ergo censes? Tr. Quod rogas, Censeo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 7 sq.: quid illum censes? (i. e. eo loco facere?) Ter. And. 5, 2, 12:
quid illas censes? (i. e. posse dicere),
id. Ad. 4, 5, 22; so Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 59; Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 9; 5, 3, 21.—So, very freq. in the comic poets, censeo, absol., as an approving answer; also sic censeo, istuc censeo, ita censeo (Cic.) to be variously rendered: ego divinam rem intus faciam... So. Censeo, that will be right! Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 11: auscultemus quid agat: Ph. Sane censeo, so we will, indeed, id. Curc. 2, 2, 29: quid si recenti re aedis pultem? Ad. Censeo, do so! id. Poen. 3, 4, 18: quin eloquamur? Ag. Censeo, hercle, patrue, id. ib. 5, 4, 93: patri etiam gratulabor? Tr. Censeo, I think so (and after answering several questions with censeo): etiamne complectar ejus patrem? Tr. Non censeo. Pl. Nunc non censet quom volo, id. Rud. 4, 8, 6 sqq.; id. Ps. 2, 2, 69; id. Stich. 5, 4, 53; id. Truc. 2, 4, 73; id. Cas. 4, 3, 14; Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 27: male habeas! Mu. Sic censeo, Plaut. Men. 4, 1, 11: aliquem arripiamus, etc.: Ly. Hem, istuc censeo, id. Merc. 3, 3, 19 (cf.:
prorsus ita censeo, referring to general questions, as in D.,
Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 23);
once similarly censeas: Quid gravare? censeas!
Say yes, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 22.—
2.
To resolve, as a merely mental act, with gerundial inf.-clause (rare; cf. II. B.): quibus rebus cognitis, Caesar maturandum sibi censuit, resolved to hasten, lit., thought he must hasten ( = statuit, existimavit), Caes. B. G. 7, 56 init.:
censuimus igitur amplius quaerendum,
Gell. 12, 14, 7.—
3.
To consider, i. e. after carefully weighing the circumstances, with inf.-clause (rare):
sed cum censerem... me et periculum vitare posse, et temperatius dicere... ea causa mihi in Asiam proficiscendi fuit,
Cic. Brut. 91, 314.—
4.
= pu tare, habere, judicare, to consider as, to hold, with two acc., or inf.-clause.
a.
With double acc.:
quom dispicias tristem, frugi censeas (i.e. eum),
you would consider him thrifty, Plaut. Cas. 3, 2. 32:
auxilio vos dignos censet senatus,
considers you worthy of help, Liv. 7, 31, 2:
has... indagines cuppediarum majore detestatione dignas censebimus si, etc.,
Gell. 7 (6), 16, 6: cum Priscum nobilitas hostem patriae censuisset, judged, declared him the enemy, etc., Aur. Vict. Caes. 29, 4.—
b.
In the pass. with nom. and inf., = haberi (in Manil. and Gell.):
praeter illas unam et viginti (comoedias) quae consensu omnium Plauti esse censebantur,
Gell. 3, 3, 3:
quae terrena censentur sidera sorte (i. e. esse),
are considered as being of the terrestrial kind, Manil. 2, 226; so id. 2, 293; 2, 653; 2, 667; 3, 96; so, sub aliquo censeri, to be considered as being under one ' s influence, id. 4, 246; 4, 705; cf. id. 3, 598 (with per).—
5.
To wish, with subj.-clause or ne (in App.):
de coma pretiosi velleris floccum mihi confestim adferas censeo,
App. M. 6. [p. 315] p. 117:
censeo ne ulla cura os percolat,
id. Mag. p. 411.
2.
censeo, ēre, = succenseo, to be angry: ne vobis censeam, si, etc., Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 24.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > censeo
4 statuo

stătŭo, ui, utum, 3, v. a. [statum, sup. of sto], to cause to stand (cf.: colloco, pono).
I.
Corporeally.
A.
To cause to stand, set up, set, station, fix in an upright position.
1.
To set up, set in the ground, erect:
ibi arbores pedicino in lapide statuito,
Cato, R. R. 18:
inter parietes arbores ubi statues,
id. ib.:
stipites statuito,
id. ib.:
palis statutis crebris,
Varr. R. R. 1, 14 init.:
pedamenta jacentia statuenda,
are to be raised, Col. 4, 26:
pedamentum inter duas vitis,
Plin. 17, 22, 21, § 194:
hic statui volo primum aquilam,
the standard of the troops, Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:
signifer, statue signum,
plant the ensign, Liv. 5, 55, 1; Val. Max. 1, 5, 1.—
2.
To plant (rare):
eodem modo vineam statuito, alligato, flexatoque uti fuerit,
Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 198:
agro qui statuit meo Te, triste lignum (i. e. arborem),
Hor. C. 2, 13, 10.—
3.
In gen., to place, set or fix, set up, set forth things or persons.
a.
Without specifying the place:
ollam statuito cum aqua,
let a jar stand with water, Cato, R. R. 156 (157):
crateras magnos statuunt, i. e. on the table,
Verg. A. 1, 724; so,
crateras laeti statuunt,
id. ib. 7, 147: haec carina satis probe fundata et bene statuta est, well placed, i. e. so that the hull stands perpendicularly (cf.:
bene lineatam carinam collocavit, v. 42),
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 44:
nec quidquam explicare, nec statuere potuerant, nec quod statutum esset, manebat, omnia perscindente vento,
Liv. 21, 58, 7:
eo die tabernacula statui passus non est,
to pitch, Caes. B. C. 1, 81; so, aciem statuere, to draw up an army:
aciem quam arte statuerat, latius porrigit,
Sall. J. 52, 6.—
b.
With designation of the place by in and abl.; by adv. of place; by ante, apud, ad, circa, super, and acc.; by pro and abl.; by abl. alone (very rare), or by in and acc. (very rare): signa domi pro supellectile statuere, Cato ap. Prisc. 7, 19, 95 (p. 782 P.):
statuite hic lectulos,
Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:
etiamsi in caelo Capitolium statueretur,
Cic. Or. 3, 46, 180:
statuitur Sollius in illo gladiatorum convivio... atuitur, ut dico, eques Romanus in Apronii convivio,
is taken to the banquet, id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 sq.:
tabernacula in foro statuere,
Liv. 39, 46, 3:
in principiis statuit tabernaculum,
Nep. Eum. 7, 1:
in nostris castris tibi tabernaculum statue,
Curt. 5, 11, 6; 8, 13, 20:
statui in medium undique conspicuum tabernaculum jussit,
id. 9, 6, 1:
(sagittae) longae, nisi prius in terra statuerent arcum, haud satis apte imponuntur,
id. 8, 14, 19:
sedes curules sacerdotum Augustalium locis, superque eas querceae coronae statuerentur,
Tac. A. 2, 83:
donum deae apud Antium statuitur,
id. ib. 3, 71:
pro rigidis calamos columnis,
Ov. F. 3, 529:
jamque ratem Scythicis auster statuisset in oris,
Val. Fl. 3, 653:
statuere vas in loco frigido,
Pall. Oct. 22.—Of living beings:
capite in terram statuerem, Ut cerebro dispergat viam,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18:
qui capite ipse sua in statuit vestigia sese (= qui sese ipse capite in sua vestigia statuit),
i. e. stands on his head, Lucr. 4, 472:
patrem ejus a mortuis excitasses, statuisses ante oculos,
Cic. Or. 1, 57, 245:
captivos vinctos in medio statuit,
Liv. 21, 42, 1:
ubi primum equus Curtium in vado statuit,
id. 1, 13, 5:
quattuor cohortes in fronte statuit,
id. 28, 33, 12:
ante se statuit funditores,
id. 42, 58, 10:
puerum ad canendum ante tibicinem cum statuisset,
id. 7, 2, 9:
procul in conspectu eum (Philopoemenem) statuerunt,
id. 39, 49, 11:
media porta robora legionum, duabus circa portis milites levemque armaturam statuit,
id. 23, 16, 8:
bovem ad fanum Dianae et ante aram statuit,
id. 1, 45, 6:
cum Calchanta circa aram statuisset,
Val. Max. 8, 11, ext. 6:
marium si qui eo loci statuisset,
id. 3, 1, 2 fin.:
adulescentes ante Caesarem statuunt,
Tac. A. 4, 8:
in fronte statuerat ferratos, in cornibus cohortes,
id. ib. 3, 45:
puer quis Ad cyathum statuetur?
Hor. C. 1, 29, 8:
tu cum pro vitula statuis dulcem Aulide natam Ante aras,
id. S. 2, 3, 199:
et statuam ante aras aurata fronte juvencum,
Verg. A. 9, 627:
clara regione profundi Aetheros innumeri statuerunt agmina cygni,
Stat. Th. 3, 525.—
4.
Pregn., to construct and place, to set up after constructing, to erect, make.
a.
Of statues, temples, columns, altars, trophies, etc.; constr. with acc. alone, or acc. of the structure and dat. of the person for whom or in whose honor it is erected:
siquidem mihi aram et statuam statuis,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 122:
huic statuam statui decet ex auro,
id. Bacch. 4, 4, 1:
ne ego aurea pro statua vineam tibi statuam,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 52:
eique statuam equestrem in rostris statui placere,
Cic. Phil. 5, 15, 41; so id. ib. 9, 5, 10; 9, 7, 16; id. Verr. 2, 2, 62, § 151; 2, 2, 20, § 48; so,
simulacrum alicui statuere,
Val. Max. 1, 1, 8:
effigiem,
Verg. A. 2, 184:
Mancinus eo habitu sibi statuit quo, etc. (effigiem),
Plin. 34, 5, 10, § 18:
simulacrum in curia,
Tac. A. 14, 12:
quanam in civitate tempium statueretur,
id. ib. 4, 55:
se primos templum urbis Romae statuisse,
id. ib. 4, 56; so id. ib. 4, 15:
nec tibi de Pario statuam, Germanice, templum,
Ov. P. 4, 8, 31:
templa tibi statuam, tribuam tibi turis honorem,
id. M. 14, 128:
super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui nisi columellam,
Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66:
victimas atque aras diis Manibus statuentes,
Tac. A. 3, 2:
statuitque aras e cespite,
Ov. M. 7, 240:
statuantur arae,
Sen. Med. 579:
aeneum statuerunt tropaeum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69:
monumentum,
id. ib. § 70; so,
in alio orbe tropaea statuere,
Curt. 7, 7, 14;
so,
Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 18: ut illum di perdant qui primus statuit hic solarium, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Gell. 3, 3, 5:
princeps Romanis solarium horologium statuisse L. Papirius Cursor proditur,
Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 213:
a miliario in capite Romani fori statuto,
id. 3, 5, 9, § 66:
carceres eo anno in Circo primum statuti,
Liv. 8, 20, 1:
quo molem hanc immanis equi statuere?
Verg. A. 2, 150:
multo altiorem statui crucem jussit,
Suet. Galb. 9:
obeliscam,
Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71:
at nunc disturba quas statuisti machinas,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 137:
incensis operibus quae statuerat,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4:
si vallum statuitur procul urbis illecebris,
Tac. A. 4, 2:
castra in quinto lapide a Carthagine statuit,
Just. 22, 6, 9.—
b.
Poet. and in post-class. prose (rare):
aliquem statuere = alicui statuam statuere: inter et Aegidas media statuaris in urbe,
Ov. H. 2, 67:
statuarque tumulo hilaris et coronatus,
my statue will be erected, Tac. Dial. 13; so with two acc.: custodem medio statuit quam vilicus horto, whose statue he placed as protectress, etc., Mart. 3, 68, 9; cf.
in double sense: nudam te statuet, i. e. nudam faciet (= nudabit fortunis), and statuam tibi nu dam faciet,
Mart. 4, 28, 8.—
5.
Of cities, etc., to establish, found, build (in class. prose usu. condo):
Agamemnon tres ibi urbes statuit,
Vell. 1, 1, 2:
urbem quam statuo vestra est,
Verg. A. 1, 573:
urbom praeclaram,
id. ib. 4, 655:
Persarum statuit Babylona Semiramis urbem,
Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 21:
ibi civitatem statuerunt,
Just. 23, 1; so,
licentia et impunitas asyla statuendi (= aperiendi),
Tac. A. 3, 60.—Hence, transf.: carmen statuere = carmen condere, to compose, devise a song:
nunc volucrum... inexpertum carmen, quod tacita statuere bruma,
Stat. S. 4, 5, 12.—
B.
To cause to stand still, to stop (rare; cf.
sisto, III. B.): navem extemplo statuimus,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 57:
et statuit fessos, fessus et ipse, boves,
Prop. 4 (5), 9, 4:
famuli hoc modo statuerunt aquas,
Arn. 1, p. 30: sanguinem, Oct. Hor. 4.—
C.
To cause to stand firm, strengthen, support (rare; = stabilire), only transf.: qui rem publicam certo animo adjuverit, statuerit, Att. ap. Cic. Sest. 56, 120 (Trag. Rel. v. 357 Rib.).
II.
Trop.
A.
To establish, constitute (= constituo).
1.
Esp.: exemplum or documentum (v. edo fin., and cf. Sen. Phoen. 320), to set forth an example or precedent for warning or imitation:
statuite exemplum impudenti, date pudori praemium,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 6:
exemplum statuite in me ut adulescentuli Vobis placere studeant potius quam sibi,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 51; Auct. Her. 4, 35, 47:
ut illi intellegere possint, in quo homine statueris exemplum hujus modi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 45, § 111:
in quos aliquid exempli populus Romanus statui putat oportere,
id. ib. 2, 3, 90, §
210: statuam in te exemplum, ne quis posthac infelicibus miseriis patriae illudat,
Just. 8, 7, 14:
documentum autem statui oportere, si quis resipiscat et antiquam societatem respiciat,
Liv. 24, 45, 5: statueretur immo [p. 1753] documentum, quo uxorem imperator acciperet, a precedent, Tac. A. 12, 6.—
2.
Jus statuere, to establish a principle or relation of law:
ut (majores nostri) omnia omnium rerum jura statuerint,
Cic. Caecin. 12, 34: qui magistratum potestatemve habebit, si quid in aliquem novi juris statuerit, ipse quoque, adversario postulante, eodem jure uti debebit, if he has established any new principle of law, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 2, 2, 1, § 1:
si quid injungere inferiori velis, id prius in te ac tuos si ipse juris statueris, facilius omnes oboedientes habeas,
if you first admit it against yourself, Liv. 26, 36, 3:
si dicemus in omnibus aequabile jus statui convenire,
equal principles of law should be applied to all, Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4. —
3.
In gen., to establish by authority (of relations, institutions, rights, duties, etc.):
(Numa) omnis partis religionis statuit sanctissime,
Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26:
hoc judicium sic exspectatur ut non unae rei statui, sed omnibus constitui putetur,
id. Tull. 15, 36:
ad formandos animos statuendasque vitae leges, Quint. prooem. 14: sic hujus (virtutis) ut caelestium statuta magnitudo est,
Sen. Ep. 79, 10:
vectigal etiam novum ex salaria annona statuerunt,
Liv. 29, 37, 2:
novos statuere fines,
id. 42, 24, 8:
neque eos quos statuit terminos observat,
id. 21, 44, 5:
quibus rebus cum pax statuta esset,
Just. 5, 10, 8; so id. 25, 1, 1:
sedesque ibi statuentibus,
id. 18, 5, 11.—
4.
With double acc., to constitute, appoint, create:
Hirtius arbitrum me statuebat non modo hujus rei, sed totius consulatus sui,
Cic. Att. 14, 1, a, 2:
telluris erum natura nec illum, nec quemquam constituit,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 130:
de principatu (vinorum) se quisque judicem statuet,
Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 59:
praefectus his statuitur Andragoras,
Just. 21, 4, 5.—
B.
To determine, fix, etc. (of temporal or local relations); constr. usually with acc. and dat. or acc. and gen.
1.
Modum statuere alicui or alicujus rei, to determine the manner, mode, or measure of, assign limits, restrictions or restraints to a thing or person, to impose restraints upon.
(α).
With dat.:
diuturnitati imperii modum statuendum putavistis,
that a limit should be assigned to the duration of his power, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 26:
statui mihi tum modum et orationi meae,
imposed restraints upon myself and my words, id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:
non statuendo felicitati modum, nec cohibendo fortunam,
by not assigning any limits to his success, Liv. 30, 30, 23 (Pompeium) affirmabant, libertati publicae statuturum modum, Vell. 2, 40:
cupidinibus statuat natura modum,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 111:
quem modum sibi ipsa statuit (crudelitas)?
Val. Max. 9, 2 pr.:
modum ipsae res statuunt (i. e. sibi),
Plin. 28, 15, 61, § 216:
modum nuptiarum sumptibus statuerunt,
Just. 21, 4, 5:
timori quem meo statuam modum?
Sen. Thyest. 483;
and with finem: jam statui aerumnis modum et finem cladi,
id. Herc. Fur. 206. —
(β).
With gen.:
honestius te inimicitiarum modum statuere potuisse quam me humanitatis,
Cic. Sull. 17, 48:
ipse modum statuam carminis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 44:
errorisque sui sic statuisse modum,
Prop. 3, 12 (4, 11), 36:
modum statuunt fellis pondere denarii,
they limit the quantity of the gall to the weight of a denarius, Plin. 28, 19, 77, § 254.—
2.
Condicionem or legem alicui, to impose a condition or law upon one, to dictate, assign a condition to:
hanc tu condicionem statuis Gaditanis,
Cic. Balb. 10, 25:
providete ne duriorem vobis condicionem statuatis ordinique vestro quam ferre possit,
id. Rab. Post. 6, 15:
alter eam sibi legem statuerat ut, etc.,
id. Phil. 10, 6, 12: pretio statuta lege ne modum excederet, etc., the law being assigned to the price that not, etc., i. e. the price being limited by the law, etc., Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 118:
pacis legem universae Graeciae statuit,
Just. 9, 5, 2.—So with ellipsis of dat., to agree upon, stipulate:
statutis condicionibus,
Just. 6, 1, 3:
omnibus consentientibus Carthago conditur, statuto annuo vectigali pro solo urbis,
id. 18, 5, 14. —
3.
Finem, to assign or put an end to, make an end of:
haud opinor commode Finem statuisse orationi militem,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 21:
et finem statuit cuppedinis atque timoris,
Lucr. 6, 25:
cum Fulvius Flaccus finem poenae eorum statuere cogeretur,
Val. Max. 3, 2, ext. 1: majores vestri omnium magnarum rerum et principia exorsi ab diis sunt, et finem statuerunt, finished, Liv. 45, 39, 10; so,
terminum: nam templis numquam statuetur terminus aevi,
Stat. S. 3, 1, 180:
cum consilii tui bene fortiterque suscepti eum tibi finem statueris, quem ipsa fortuna terminum nostrarum contentionum esse voluisset,
since you have assigned that end, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2.—
4.
Pretium alicui rei, to assign a price to something; fix, determine the price of something:
quae probast mers, pretium ei statuit,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 132:
numquam avare pretium statui arti meae,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 48:
statuit frumento pretium,
Tac. A. 2, 87; so with dat. understood:
ut eos (obsides) pretio quantum ipsi statuissent patres redimi paterentur,
Liv. 45, 42, 7:
pretium statuit (i. e. vecturae et sali),
id. 45, 29, 13; so with in and acc.: ut in singulas amphoras (vini) centeni nummi statuantur, that the price may be set down at 100 sesterces for an amphora, Plin. 14, 4, 6, § 56.—
5.
Statuere diem, horam, tempus, locum alicui rei, or alicui, or with dat. gerund., to assign or appoint a day, time, place, etc. (for the more usual diem dicere):
statutus est comitiis dies,
Liv. 24, 27, 1:
diem patrando facinori statuerat,
id. 35, 35, 15:
multitudini diem statuit ante quam sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere,
Sall. C. 36, 2:
dies insidiis statuitur,
id. J. 70, 3:
ad tempus locumque colloquio statuendum,
Liv. 28, 35, 4:
subverti leges quae sua spatia (= tempora) quaerendis aut potiundis honoribus statuerint,
Tac. A. 2, 36.—With ellipsis of dat.:
observans quem statuere diem,
Mart. 4, 54, 6:
noctem unam poscit: statuitur nox,
Tac. A. 13, 44.—Esp. in the part. statutus, fixed, appointed (in MSS. and edd. often confounded with status; v. sisto fin.):
institum ut quotannis... libri diebus statutis (statis) recitarentur,
Suet. Claud. 42:
ut die statuta omnes equos ante regiam producerent,
Just. 1, 10, 1:
quaedam (genera) statutum tempus anni habent,
Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 135:
fruges quoque maturitatem statuto tempore expectant,
Curt. 6, 3, 7:
sacrificium non esse redditum statuto tempore,
id. 8, 2, 6:
statuto tempore quo urbem Mithridati traderet,
Just. 16, 4, 9:
cum ad statutam horam omnes convenissent,
id. 1, 10, 8:
intra tempus statutum,
fixed by the law, Dig. 4, 4, 19 and 20.—
6.
To recount, count up, state (very rare): statue sex et quinquaginta annos, quibus mox divus Augustus rempublicam rexit: adice Tiberii tres et viginti... centum et viginti anni colliguntur, count, fix the number at, Tac. Or. 17:
Cinyphiae segetis citius numerabis aristas... quam tibi nostrorum statuatur summa laborum,
Ov. P. 2, 7, 29.—
C.
To decide, determine, with reference to a result, to settle, fix, bring about, choose, make a decision.
1.
Of disputes, differences, questions, etc., between others.
(α).
With interrog.-clause:
ut statuatis hoc judicio utrum posthac amicitias clarorum virorum calamitati hominibus an ornamento esse malitis,
Cic. Balb. 28, 65:
eam potestatem habetis ut statuatis utrum nos... semper miseri lugeamus, an, etc.,
id. Mil. 2, 4:
in hoc homine statuatis, possitne senatoribus judicantibus homo nocentissim us pecuniosissimusque damnari,
id. Verr. 1, 16, 47:
vos statuite, recuperatores, utra (sententia) utilior esse videatur,
id. Caecin. 27, 77:
decidis tu statuisque quid iis ad denarium solveretur,
id. Quint. 4, 17:
magni esse judicis statuere quid quemque cuique praestare oporteret,
id. Off. 3, 17, 70:
mihi vero Pompeius statuisse videtur quid vos in judicando spectare oporteret,
id. Mil. 6, 15:
semel (senatus) statuerent quid donatum Masinissae vellent,
Liv. 42, 23:
nec quid faciendum modo sit statuunt, sed, etc.,
decide, dictate, id. 44, 22:
nondum statuerat conservaret eum necne,
Nep. Eum. 11, 2:
statutumque (est) quantum curules, quantum plebei pignoris caperent,
Tac. A. 13, 28: semel nobis esse statuendum quod consilium in illo sequamur, August. ap. Suet. Claud. 4. —
(β).
With de:
ut consules de Caesaris actis cognoscerent, statuerent, judicarent,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, B, 8:
et collegas suos de religione statuisse, in senatu de lege statuturos,
id. ib. 4, 2, 4:
ut de absente eo C. Licinius statueret ac judicaret,
Liv. 42, 22:
si de summa rerum liberum senatui permittat rex statuendi jus,
id. 42, 62: qui ab exercitu ab imperatore eove cui de ea re statuendi potestas fuerit, dimissus erit, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 3, 2, 1.—Often with reference to punishment:
cum de P. Lentulo ceterisque statuetis, pro certo habetote, vos simul de exercitu Catilinae decernere,
Sall. C. 52, 17:
satis visum de Vestilia statuere,
to pass sentence against, Tac. A. 2, 85:
jus statuendi de procuratoribus,
id. ib. 12, 54:
facta patribus potestate statuendi de Caeciliano,
id. ib. 6, 7; so id. ib. 13, 28; cf. id. ib. 15, 14; 2, 85; Suet. Tib. 61 fin. —In partic.: de se statuere, to decide on, or dispose of one's self, i. e. of one's life, = to commit suicide:
eorum qui de se statuebant humabantur corpora,
Tac. A. 6, 29.—
(γ).
With de and abl. and interrog.-clause:
si quibusdam populis permittendum esse videatur ut statuant ipsi de suis rebus quo jure uti velint,
Cic. Balb. 8, 22.—
(δ).
With contra:
consequeris tamen ut eos ipsos quos contra statuas aequos placatosque dimittas,
Cic. Or. 10, 34. —
(ε).
With indef. obj., usu. a neutr. pron.:
utrum igitur hoc Graeci statuent... an nostri praetores?
Cic. Fl. 12, 27:
dixisti quippiam: fixum (i. e. id) et statutum est,
id. Mur. 30, 62:
eoque utrique quod statuit contenti sunt,
Caes. B. C. 1, 87:
senatus, ne quid absente rege statueret,
Liv. 39, 24, 13:
maturato opus est, quidquid statuere placet (senatui),
id. 8, 13, 17:
id ubi in P. Licinio ita statutum est,
id. 41, 15, 10:
interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,
Curt. 8, 14, 43:
quid in futurum statuerim, aperiam,
Tac. A. 4, 37:
utque rata essent quae procuratores sui in judicando statuerent,
Suet. Claud. 12;
qul statuit aliquid parte inaudita altera, aequum licet statuerit, haud aequus fuit,
Sen. Med. 2, 199:
non ergo quod libet statuere arbiter potest,
Dig. 4, 8, 32, § 15; cf.:
earum rerum quas Caesar statuisset, decrevisset, egisset,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, 11.—
(ζ).
With de or super and abl.:
vos de crudelissimis parricidis quid statuatis cunctamini?
Sall. C. 52, 31:
nihil super ea re nisi ex voluntate filii statuere,
Suet. Tib. 13:
ne quid super tanta re absente principe statueretur,
Tac. H. 4, 9.—
(η).
Absol., mostly pass. impers.:
ita expediri posse consilium ut pro merito cujusque statueretur,
Liv. 8, 14, 1:
tunc ut quaeque causa erit statuetis,
id. 3, 53, 10:
non ex rumore statuendum,
decisions should not be founded on rumors, Tac. A. 3, 69.—
(θ).
With cognoscere, to examine ( officially) and decide:
petit ut vel ipse de eo causa cognita statuat, vel civitatem statuere jubeat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 19:
consuli ut cognosceret statueretque senatus permiserat,
Liv. 39, 3, 2:
missuros qui de eorum controversiis cognoscerent statuerentque,
id. 40, 20, 1; 45, 13, 11:
quod causa cognita erit statuendum,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 8.—
2.
With reference to the mind of the subject, to decide, to make up one's mind, conclude, determine, be convinced, usu. with interrog.clause:
numquam intellegis, statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi homicidae sint an vindices libertatis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:
illud mirum videri solet, tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum judicem an arbitrum, rem an litem dici oporteret,
id. Mur. 12, 27:
neque tamen possum statuere, utrum magis mirer, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
ipsi statuerent, quo tempore possent suo jure arma capere,
id. Tull. 5, 12:
ut statuerem quid esset faciendum,
id. Att. 7, 26, 3:
statuere enim qui sit sapiens, vel maxime videtur esse sapientis,
id. Ac. 2, 3, 9:
si habes jam statutum quid tibi agendum putes,
id. Fam. 4, 2, 4:
tu quantum tribuendum nobis putes statuas ipse, et, ut spero, statues ex nostra dignitate,
id. ib. 5, 8, 4:
vix statui posse utrum quae pro se, an quae contra fratrem petiturus esset ab senatu magis impetrabilia forent,
Liv. 45, 19, 6:
quam satis statuerat, utram foveret partem,
id. 42, 29, 11:
posse ipsam Liviam statuere, nubendum post Drusum, an, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 40:
statue quem poenae extrahas,
Sen. Troad. 661.—So with apud animum, to make up one's mind:
vix statuere apud animum meum possum atrum pejor ipsa res an pejore exemplo agatur,
Liv. 34, 2, 4:
proinde ipsi primum statuerent apud animos quid vellent,
id. 6, 39, 11.—Rarely with neutr, pron. as object:
quidquid nos de communi sententia statuerimus,
Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2:
sic statue, quidquid statuis, ut causam famamque tuam in arto stare scias,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1306.—
D.
To decree, order, prescribe.
1.
With ut or ne: statuunt ut decem milia hominum in oppidum submittantur, [p. 1754] Caes. B. G. 7, 21:
eos (Siculos) statuisse ut hoc quod dico postularet,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 103:
statuunt illi atque decernunt ut eae litterae... removerentur,
id. ib. 2, 2, 71, §
173: statuit iste ut arator... vadimonium promitteret,
id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §
38: orare patres ut statuerent ne absentium nomina reciperentur,
id. ib. 2, 2, 42, §
103: statuitur ne post M. Brutum proconsulem sit Creta provincia,
id. Phil. 2, 38, 97:
(Tiberius) auxit patrum honorem statuendo ut qui ad senatum provocavissent, etc.,
Tac. A. 14, 28:
statuiturque (a senatu) ut... in servitute haberentur,
id. ib. 12, 53.—So of a decree, determination, or agreement by several persons or parties to be carried out by each of them:
statutum esse (inter plebem et Poenos) ut... impedimenta diriperent,
Liv. 23, 16, 6:
Athenienses cum statuerent, ut urbe relicta naves conscenderent,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48:
statuunt ut fallere custodes tentent,
Ov. M. 4, 84.—
2.
With acc. (post-Aug.):
remedium statuere,
to prescribe a remedy against public abuses, Tac. A. 3, 28; 6, 4:
Caesar ducentesimam (vectigalis) in posterum statuit,
decreed that one half of one per cent. be the tax, id. ib. 2, 42.—So with sic (= hoc):
sic, di, statuistis,
Ov. M. 4, 661.—
3.
With dat. and acc. (not ante-Aug.):
eis (Vestalibus) stipendium de publico statuit,
decreed, allowed a salary, Liv. 1, 20, 3:
Aurelio quoque annuam pecuniam statuit princeps,
decreed, granted, Tac. A. 13, 34:
biduum criminibus obiciendis statuitur,
are allowed, id. ib. 3, 13:
itaque et alimenta pueris statuta... et patribus praemia statuta,
Just. 12, 4, 8:
ceu Aeolus insanis statuat certamina ventis,
Stat. Th. 6, 300:
non hoc statui sub tempore rebus occasum Aeoniis,
id. ib. 7, 219:
statuere alicui munera,
Val. Fl. 2, 566.—
4.
With dat. and interrog.-clause:
cur his quoque statuisti quantum ex hoc genere frumenti darent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:
ordo iis quo quisque die supplicarent, statutus,
Liv. 7, 28, 8.—
5.
In partic., of punishment, etc., to decree, measure out, inflict.
(α).
With poenam, etc., with or without in and acc. pers. (mostly post-Aug.):
considerando... in utra (lege) major poena statuatur,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:
poenam statui par fuisse,
Tac. A. 14, 49:
qui non judicium, sed poenam statui videbant,
id. ib. 11, 6:
eadem poena in Catum Firmium statuitur,
id. ib. 6, 31:
senatu universo in socios facinoris ultimam statuente poenam,
Suet. Caes. 14;
so with mercedem (= poenam): debuisse gravissimam temeritatis mercedem statui,
Liv. 39, 55, 3; cf.
also: Thrasea, non quidquid nocens reus pati mereretur, id egregio sub principe statuendum disseruit,
Tac. A. 14, 48.— Absol.:
non debere eripi patribus vim statuendi (sc. poenas),
Tac. A. 3, 70.—
(β).
With indef. obj., generally with in and acc.: aliquid gravius in aliquem, to proceed severely against:
obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret,
Caes. B. G. 1, 20:
fac aliquid gravius in Hejum statuisse Mamertinos,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 19:
res monet cavere ab illis magis quam quid in illos statuamus consultare,
Sall. C. 52, 3:
qui cum triste aliquid statuit, fit tristis et ipse,
Ov. P. 2, 2, 119:
si quid ob eam rem de se crudelius statuerent,
Just. 2, 15, 10.—
(γ).
With a word expressing the kind of punishment (post-Aug.):
in Pompeiam Sabinam exilium statuitur,
Tac. A. 6, 24 (18).—
(δ).
De capite, to pass sentence of death:
legem illam praeclaram quae de capite civis Romani nisi comitiis centuriatis statui vetaret,
Cic. Rep. 2, 36, 61.—
E.
Referring to one's own acts, to resolve, determine, purpose, to propose, with inf. (first in Cic.;
freq. and class.): statuit ab initio et in eo perseveravit, jus publicano non dicere,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 10:
P. Clodius cum statuisset omni scelere in praetura vexare rem publicam,
id. Mil. 9, 24:
statuerat excusare,
to decline the office, id. Lig. 7, 21:
cum statuissem scribere ad te aliquid,
id. Off. 1, 2, 4:
quod iste certe statuerat et deliberaverat non adesse,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1:
se statuisse animum advertere in omnes nauarchos,
id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §
105: nam statueram in perpetuum tacere,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:
statueram... nihil de illo dicere,
id. Fragm. Clod. 1, 1:
statueram recta Appia Romam (i. e. venire),
id. Att. 16, 10, 1:
Pompeius statuerat bello decertare,
Caes. B. C. 3, 86: si cedere hinc statuisset, Liv. 44, 39, 7:
triumphare mense Januario statuerat,
id. 39, 15:
immemor sim propositi quo statui non ultra attingere externa nisi qua Romanis cohaererent rebus,
id. 39, 48:
rex quamquam dissimulare statuerat,
id. 42, 21:
opperiri ibi hostium adventum statuit,
id. 42, 54, 9:
ut statuisse non pugnare consules cognitum est,
id. 2, 45, 9:
exaugurare fana statuit,
id. 1, 55, 2:
Delphos mittere statuit,
id. 1, 56, 5:
eos deducere in agros statuerunt,
id. 40, 38, 2:
tradere se, ait, moenia statuisse,
id. 8, 25, 10:
Samnitium exercitus certamine ultimo fortunam experiri statuit,
id. 7, 37, 4:
statuit sic adfectos hosti non obicere,
id. 44, 36, 2:
sub idem tempus statuit senatus Carthaginem excidere,
Vell. 1, 12, 2:
statui pauca disserere,
Tac. H. 4, 73:
amoliri juvenem specie honoris statuit,
id. A. 2, 42:
statuerat urbem novam condere,
Curt. 4, 8, 1:
statuerat parcere urbi conditae a Cyro,
id. 7, 6, 20:
rex statuerat inde abire,
id. 7, 11, 4:
Alexander statuerat ex Syria petere Africam,
id. 10, 1, 17; 10, 5, 24; 5, 27 (9), 13; so,
statutum habere cum animo ac deliberatum,
to have firmly and deliberately resolved, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 95.—With sic:
caedis initium fecisset a me, sic enim statuerat,
id. Phil. 3, 7, 29.—
F.
To judge, declare as a judgment, be of opinion, hold (especially of legal opinions), think, consider (always implying the establishment of a principle, or a decided conviction; cf.: existimo, puto, etc.).
1.
With acc. and inf.
a.
In gen.:
senatus consulta falsa delata ab eo judicavimus... leges statuimus per vim et contra auspicia latas,
Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 12:
statuit senatus hoc ne illi quidem esse licitum cui concesserat omnia,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 81:
quin is tamen (judex) statuat fieri non posse ut de isto non severissime judicetur,
id. ib. 2, 3, 62, §
144: hujusce rei vos (recuperatores) statuetis nullam esse actionem qui obstiterit armatis hominibus?
id. Caecin. 13, 39, ut quisquam juris numeretur peritus, qui id statuit esse jus quod non oporteat judicari, who holds that to be the law, id. ib. 24, 68:
is (Pompeius) se in publico statuit esse non posse,
id. Pis. 13, 29:
tu unquam tantam plagam tacitus accipere potuisses, nisi hoc ita statuisses, quidquid dixisses te deterius esse facturum?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 133:
si causa cum causa contenderet, nos nostram perfacile cuivis probaturos statuebamus,
we were sure, id. Quint. 30, 92:
non statuit sibi quidquam licere quod non patrem suum facere vidisset,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 211:
hi sibi nullam societatem communis utilitatis causa statuunt esse cum civibus,
assume, id. Off. 3, 6, 28:
cum igitur statuisset opus esse ad eam rem constituendam pecunia,
had become convinced, id. ib. 2, 23, 82:
quo cive neminem ego statuo in hac re publica esse fortiorem,
id. Planc. 21, 51:
quam quidem laudem sapientiae statuo esse maximam,
id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:
hoc anno statuit temporis esse satis,
Ov. F. 1, 34:
nolim statuas me mente maligna id facere,
Cat. 67, 37.— So with sic:
velim sic statuas tuas mihi litteras longissimas quasque gratissimas fore,
Cic. Fam. 7, 33 fin.:
ego sic statuo a me in hac causa pietatis potius quam defensionis partes esse susceptas,
I hold, lay down as the principle of my defence, id. Sest. 2, 3:
quod sic statuit omnino consularem legem nullam putare,
id. ib. 64, 135:
sic statuo et judico, neminem tot et tanta habuisse ornamenta dicendi,
id. Or. 2, 28, 122. —Hence, statui, I have judged, i. e. I know, and statueram, I had judged, i. e. I knew:
ut ego qui in te satis consilii statuerim esse, mallem Peducaeum tibi consilium dare quam me, ironically,
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4:
qui saepe audissent, nihil esse pulchrius quam Syracusarum moenia, statuerant se, si ea Verre praetore non vidissent, numquam esse visuros,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 95.—With neutr. pron.:
si dicam non recte aliquid statuere eos qui consulantur,
that they hold an erroneous opinion, Cic. Caecin. 24, 68; cf.:
quis hoc statuit umquam, aut cui concedi potest, ut eum jure potuerit occidere a quo, etc.,
id. Tull. 24, 56; Quint. 5, 13, 21.—
b.
Particularly of a conclusion drawn from circumstances, to judge, infer, conclude; declare (as an inference):
cum tuto senatum haberi non posse judicavistis, tum statuiistis, etiam intra muros Antonii scelus versari,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13: quod si aliter statuetis, videte ne hoc vos statuatis, qui vivus decesserit, ei vim non esse factam, id. Caecin. 16, 46:
quid? si tu ipse statuisti, bona P. Quinctii ex edicto possessa non esse?
id. Quint. 24, 76:
ergo ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
id. Off. 3, 16, 67:
Juppiter esse pium statuit quodcumque juvaret,
Ov. H. 4, 133.—With neutr. pron.:
hoc (i. e. litteris Gabinii credendum non esse) statuit senatus cum frequens supplicationem Gabinio denegavit,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 6, 14:
quod si tum statuit opus esse, quid cum ille decessisset, Flacco existimatis statuendum et faciendum fuisse?
id. Fl. 12, 29; cf. id. Caecin. 16, 46, supra; so,
hoc si ita statuetis,
id. ib. 16, 47.—
c.
Esp. with gerund.-clause.
(α).
To hold, judge, think, consider, acknowledge, that something must be done, or should have been done:
tu cum tuos amicos in provinciam quasi in praedam invitabas... non statuebas tibi de illorum factis rationem esse reddendam?
did you not consider, did it not strike you? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29: statuit, si hoc crimen extenuari vellet, nauarchos omnes vita esse privandos, he thought it necessary to deprive, etc., id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §
103: ut statuas mihi non modo non cedendum, sed etiam tuo auxilio utendum fuisse,
id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:
statuebam sic, boni nihil ab illis nugis expectandum,
id. Sest. 10, 24:
Antigonus statuit aliquid sibi consilii novi esse capiendum,
Nep. Eum. 8, 4. —So with opus fuisse:
ut hoc statuatis oratione longa nihil opus fuisse,
acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56: causam sibi dicendam esse statuerat jam ante quam hoc usu venit, knew (cf. a. supra), id. ib. 2, 5, 39, § 101. —
(β).
To think that one must do something, to resolve, propose, usu. with dat. pers.:
manendum mihi statuebam quasi in vigilia quadam consulari ac senatoria,
Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1: quae vobis fit injuria si statuimus, vestro nobis judicio standum esse, if we conclude, purpose, to abide, etc., id. Fl. 27, 65:
ut ea quae statuisses tibi in senatu dicenda, reticeres,
id. Fam. 5, 2, 1:
statuit tamen nihil sibi in tantis injuriis gravius faciendum,
id. Clu. 6, 16:
Caesar statuit exspectandam classem,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14:
non expectandum sibi statuit dum, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11:
quod eo tempore statuerat non esse faciendum,
id. B. C. 3, 44:
statuit sibi nihil agitandum,
Sall. J. 39, 5:
Metellus statuit alio more bellum gerendum,
id. ib. 54, 5:
Laco statuit accuratius sibi agendum cum Pharnabazo,
Nep. Alcib. 10, 2:
sororis filios tollendos statuit,
Just. 38, 1.—
2.
With ut:
si, ut Manilius statuebat, sic est judicatum (= ut judicandum esse statuebat),
Cic. Caecin. 24, 69:
ut veteres statuerunt poetae (ut = quod ita esse),
id. Arat. 267 (33): quae majora auribus accepta sunt quam oculis noscuntur, ut statuit, as he thought, i. e. that those things were greater, etc., Liv. 45, 27:
cum esset, ut ego mihi statuo, talis qualem te esse video,
Cic. Mur. 14, 32.—
3.
With two acc. (= duco, existimo):
omnes qui libere de re publica sensimus, statuit ille quidem non inimicos, sed hostes,
regarded not as adversaries, but as foes, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 3:
Anaximenes aera deum statuit,
id. N. D. 10, 26:
voluptatem summum bonum statuens,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5:
video Lentulum cujus ego parentem deum ac patronum statuo fortunae ac nominis mei,
id. Sest. 69, 144:
si rectum statuerimus concedere amicis quidquid velint,
id. Lael. 11, 38:
Hieronymus summum bonum statuit non dolere,
id. Fin. 2, 6, 19:
noster vero Plato Titanum e genere statuit eos qui... adversentur magistratibus,
id. Leg. 3, 2, 5:
decretum postulat, quo justae inter patruos fratrumque filias nuptiae statuerentur,
Tac. A. 12, 7:
optimum in praesentia statuit reponere odium,
id. Agr. 39.— P. a.: stătūtus, a, um, i. e. baculo, propped, leaning on a stick (dub. v. I. C. supra):
vidistis senem... statutum, ventriosum?
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 11.—Hence, subst.: stătūtum, i, n., a law, decision, determination, statute (late Lat.):
Dei,
Lact. 2, 16, 14:
Parcarum leges ac statuta,
id. 1, 11, 14:
statuta Dei et placita,
id. 7, 25, 8.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > statuo
5 No

1. adjective
1) (not any) kein

2) (not a) kein; (quite other than) alles andere als

she is no beauty — sie ist keine Schönheit od. nicht gerade eine Schönheit

you are no friend — du bist kein [wahrer] Freund

3) (hardly any)

it's no distance from our house to the shopping centre — von unserem Haus ist es nicht weit bis zum Einkaufszentrum
2. adverb
1) (by no amount) nicht

no less [than] — nicht weniger [als]

it is no different from before — es hat sich nichts geändert

no more wine? — keinen Wein mehr?

no more war! — nie wieder Krieg!

2) (equivalent to negative sentence) nein

say/answer ‘no’ — nein sagen/mit Nein antworten

I won't take ‘no’ for an answer — ein Nein lasse ich nicht gelten
3. noun
, pl. noes Nein, das; (vote) Neinstimme, die

* * *
[nəu] 1. adjective
1) (not any: We have no food; No other person could have done it.) kein

2) (not allowed: No smoking.) verboten

3) (not a: He is no friend of mine; This will be no easy task.) kein
2. adverb
(not (any): He is no better at golf than swimming; He went as far as the shop and no further.) nicht
3. interjection
(a word used for denying, disagreeing, refusing etc: `Do you like travelling?' `No, (I don't).'; No, I don't agree; `Will you help me?' `No, I won't.') nein
4. noun plural
( noes)

1) (a refusal: She answered with a definite no.) das Nein

2) (a vote against something: The noes have won.) Gegenstimme

•

- academic.ru/50085/nobody">nobody
5. noun
(a very unimportant person: She's just a nobody.) der Niemand

- no-one
- there's no saying
- knowing
* * *

no

[nəʊ, nə, AM noʊ, nə]

I. adj

1. (not any) kein(e)

there's \no butter left es ist keine Butter mehr da

there's \no doubt that he is the person we're looking for es besteht kein Zweifel, dass er die Person ist, die wir suchen

\no one keiner

in \no time im Nu, in null Komma nichts fam

to be of \no interest/use unwichtig/zwecklos sein

2. (in signs)

‘\no parking’ ‚Parken verboten‘

3. (not a) kein

I'm \no expert ich bin kein Fachmann

4. with gerund (impossible)

there's \no denying es lässt sich nicht leugnen

there's \no knowing/telling [or saying] man kann nicht wissen/sagen

II. adv

1. inv (not at all) nicht

the exam is \no more difficult than... das Examen ist nicht schwieriger als...

\no less nicht weniger

\no less than sb/sth nicht weniger als jd/etw

2. (alternative)

or \no ( form) oder nicht

whether you like it or \no ob du es magst oder nicht

3. (negation) nein

were there any survivors? — \no gab es Überlebende? — nein

and you're not even a little bit jealous? — \no, not at all und du bist noch nicht mal ein kleines bisschen eifersüchtig? — nein, überhaupt nicht

\no, I suppose not nein, ich denke [wohl] nicht

4. (doubt) nein, wirklich nicht

I've never done anything like this before — \no? replied the policeman suspiciously ich habe so etwas noch nie zuvor getan — ach ja? erwiderte der Polizist misstrauisch

5. (not) nicht

\no can do ( fam) geht nicht fam

to be \no more nicht mehr sein [o existieren

III. n

<pl - es or -s>

1. (refusal) Absage f; (negation) Nein nt kein pl

to not take \no for an answer ein Nein nicht [o kein Nein] akzeptieren

2. (negative vote) Neinstimme f

the \noes have it die Mehrheit ist dagegen

IV. interj

1. (refusal) nein, auf keinen Fall

2. (comprehension) natürlich nicht

we shouldn't worry about it — \no wir sollten uns darüber keine Sorgen machen — nein, natürlich nicht

3. (correcting oneself) [ach] nein

4. (surprise) nein, nicht möglich

her husband ran off with the au pair — \no! ihr Mann ist mit dem Au-pair-Mädchen durchgebrannt — nein! fam

5. (distress)

oh \no! oh nein!

* * *
I [nəʊ]
1. adv

1) (negative) nein

oh no! — o nein!

to answer no (to question) — mit Nein antworten, verneinen; (to request)

she can't say no — sie kann nicht Nein or nein sagen

the answer is no — da muss ich Nein or nein sagen; (as emphatic reply also) nein (und noch mal nein)

2) (= not) nicht

whether he comes or no —

hungry or no, you'll eat it — ob du Hunger hast oder nicht, das wird gegessen (inf)

3) (with comp) nicht

I can bear it no longer — ich kann es nicht länger ertragen

I have no more money — ich habe kein Geld mehr

he has no more than anyone else — er hat auch nicht mehr als jeder andere

I'm no less tired than you are — ich bin auch nicht weniger müde als du

he returned to England in an aircraft carrier no less — er kehrte auf nichts Geringerem als einem Flugzeugträger nach England zurück

no later than Monday —

no longer ago than last week — erst letzte Woche

2. adj

1) (= not any also with numerals and "other") kein

a person of no intelligence — ein Mensch ohne jede Intelligenz

he has no integrity — er ist ein unredlicher Mensch

no one person could do it — keiner könnte das allein tun

no two men could be less alike — zwei verschiedenere Menschen könnte es nicht geben

no other man — kein anderer

it's of no interest/importance — das ist belanglos/unwichtig

it's no use or no good — das hat keinen Zweck

2)

(forbidding) no parking/smoking — Parken/Rauchen verboten

no surrender! — wir kapitulieren nicht!

3)

(with gerund) there's no saying or telling what he'll do next — man kann nie wissen, was er als Nächstes tun wird

there's no denying it — es lässt sich nicht leugnen

there's no pleasing him — ihm kann man es auch nie recht machen

4) (emph)

he's no genius —

she's no beauty — sie ist nicht gerade eine Schönheit

president or no president — Präsident oder nicht

this is no place for children — das ist hier nichts für Kinder

I'm no expert, but... — ich bin ja kein Fachmann, aber...

in no time — im Nu

it's no small matter — das ist keine Kleinigkeit

at no little expense — zu großen Kosten

theirs is no easy task — sie haben keine leichte Aufgabe

there is no such thing — so etwas gibt es nicht

it was/we did no such thing — bestimmt nicht, nichts dergleichen

I'll do no such thing — ich werde mich hüten

3. n pl - es
Neinnt; (= no vote) Neinstimmef
I won't take no for an answer — ich bestehe darauf, ich lasse nicht locker

he's the type who won't take no for an answer — er lässt sich nicht mit einem Nein abspeisen

the noes have it — die Mehrheit ist dagegen
II
1) abbr of north N

2) abbr of number Nr.

* * *

No [nəʊ] pl No s No n (ein altjapanisches Drama)

* * *
1. adjective
1) (not any) kein

2) (not a) kein; (quite other than) alles andere als

she is no beauty — sie ist keine Schönheit od. nicht gerade eine Schönheit

you are no friend — du bist kein [wahrer] Freund

3) (hardly any)

it's no distance from our house to the shopping centre — von unserem Haus ist es nicht weit bis zum Einkaufszentrum
2. adverb
1) (by no amount) nicht

no less [than] — nicht weniger [als]

it is no different from before — es hat sich nichts geändert

no more wine? — keinen Wein mehr?

no more war! — nie wieder Krieg!

2) (equivalent to negative sentence) nein

say/answer ‘no’ — nein sagen/mit Nein antworten

I won't take ‘no’ for an answer — ein Nein lasse ich nicht gelten
3. noun
, pl. noes Nein, das; (vote) Neinstimme, die

* * *

expr.

Nein ausdr.

English-german dictionary > No
6 no

1. adjective
1) (not any) kein

2) (not a) kein; (quite other than) alles andere als

she is no beauty — sie ist keine Schönheit od. nicht gerade eine Schönheit

you are no friend — du bist kein [wahrer] Freund

3) (hardly any)

it's no distance from our house to the shopping centre — von unserem Haus ist es nicht weit bis zum Einkaufszentrum
2. adverb
1) (by no amount) nicht

no less [than] — nicht weniger [als]

it is no different from before — es hat sich nichts geändert

no more wine? — keinen Wein mehr?

no more war! — nie wieder Krieg!

2) (equivalent to negative sentence) nein

say/answer ‘no’ — nein sagen/mit Nein antworten

I won't take ‘no’ for an answer — ein Nein lasse ich nicht gelten
3. noun
, pl. noes Nein, das; (vote) Neinstimme, die

* * *
[nəu] 1. adjective
1) (not any: We have no food; No other person could have done it.) kein

2) (not allowed: No smoking.) verboten

3) (not a: He is no friend of mine; This will be no easy task.) kein
2. adverb
(not (any): He is no better at golf than swimming; He went as far as the shop and no further.) nicht
3. interjection
(a word used for denying, disagreeing, refusing etc: `Do you like travelling?' `No, (I don't).'; No, I don't agree; `Will you help me?' `No, I won't.') nein
4. noun plural
( noes)

1) (a refusal: She answered with a definite no.) das Nein

2) (a vote against something: The noes have won.) Gegenstimme

•

- academic.ru/50085/nobody">nobody
5. noun
(a very unimportant person: She's just a nobody.) der Niemand

- no-one
- there's no saying
- knowing
* * *

no

[nəʊ, nə, AM noʊ, nə]

I. adj

1. (not any) kein(e)

there's \no butter left es ist keine Butter mehr da

there's \no doubt that he is the person we're looking for es besteht kein Zweifel, dass er die Person ist, die wir suchen

\no one keiner

in \no time im Nu, in null Komma nichts fam

to be of \no interest/use unwichtig/zwecklos sein

2. (in signs)

‘\no parking’ ‚Parken verboten‘

3. (not a) kein

I'm \no expert ich bin kein Fachmann

4. with gerund (impossible)

there's \no denying es lässt sich nicht leugnen

there's \no knowing/telling [or saying] man kann nicht wissen/sagen

II. adv

1. inv (not at all) nicht

the exam is \no more difficult than... das Examen ist nicht schwieriger als...

\no less nicht weniger

\no less than sb/sth nicht weniger als jd/etw

2. (alternative)

or \no ( form) oder nicht

whether you like it or \no ob du es magst oder nicht

3. (negation) nein

were there any survivors? — \no gab es Überlebende? — nein

and you're not even a little bit jealous? — \no, not at all und du bist noch nicht mal ein kleines bisschen eifersüchtig? — nein, überhaupt nicht

\no, I suppose not nein, ich denke [wohl] nicht

4. (doubt) nein, wirklich nicht

I've never done anything like this before — \no? replied the policeman suspiciously ich habe so etwas noch nie zuvor getan — ach ja? erwiderte der Polizist misstrauisch

5. (not) nicht

\no can do ( fam) geht nicht fam

to be \no more nicht mehr sein [o existieren

III. n

<pl - es or -s>

1. (refusal) Absage f; (negation) Nein nt kein pl

to not take \no for an answer ein Nein nicht [o kein Nein] akzeptieren

2. (negative vote) Neinstimme f

the \noes have it die Mehrheit ist dagegen

IV. interj

1. (refusal) nein, auf keinen Fall

2. (comprehension) natürlich nicht

we shouldn't worry about it — \no wir sollten uns darüber keine Sorgen machen — nein, natürlich nicht

3. (correcting oneself) [ach] nein

4. (surprise) nein, nicht möglich

her husband ran off with the au pair — \no! ihr Mann ist mit dem Au-pair-Mädchen durchgebrannt — nein! fam

5. (distress)

oh \no! oh nein!

* * *
I [nəʊ]
1. adv

1) (negative) nein

oh no! — o nein!

to answer no (to question) — mit Nein antworten, verneinen; (to request)

she can't say no — sie kann nicht Nein or nein sagen

the answer is no — da muss ich Nein or nein sagen; (as emphatic reply also) nein (und noch mal nein)

2) (= not) nicht

whether he comes or no —

hungry or no, you'll eat it — ob du Hunger hast oder nicht, das wird gegessen (inf)

3) (with comp) nicht

I can bear it no longer — ich kann es nicht länger ertragen

I have no more money — ich habe kein Geld mehr

he has no more than anyone else — er hat auch nicht mehr als jeder andere

I'm no less tired than you are — ich bin auch nicht weniger müde als du

he returned to England in an aircraft carrier no less — er kehrte auf nichts Geringerem als einem Flugzeugträger nach England zurück

no later than Monday —

no longer ago than last week — erst letzte Woche

2. adj

1) (= not any also with numerals and "other") kein

a person of no intelligence — ein Mensch ohne jede Intelligenz

he has no integrity — er ist ein unredlicher Mensch

no one person could do it — keiner könnte das allein tun

no two men could be less alike — zwei verschiedenere Menschen könnte es nicht geben

no other man — kein anderer

it's of no interest/importance — das ist belanglos/unwichtig

it's no use or no good — das hat keinen Zweck

2)

(forbidding) no parking/smoking — Parken/Rauchen verboten

no surrender! — wir kapitulieren nicht!

3)

(with gerund) there's no saying or telling what he'll do next — man kann nie wissen, was er als Nächstes tun wird

there's no denying it — es lässt sich nicht leugnen

there's no pleasing him — ihm kann man es auch nie recht machen

4) (emph)

he's no genius —

she's no beauty — sie ist nicht gerade eine Schönheit

president or no president — Präsident oder nicht

this is no place for children — das ist hier nichts für Kinder

I'm no expert, but... — ich bin ja kein Fachmann, aber...

in no time — im Nu

it's no small matter — das ist keine Kleinigkeit

at no little expense — zu großen Kosten

theirs is no easy task — sie haben keine leichte Aufgabe

there is no such thing — so etwas gibt es nicht

it was/we did no such thing — bestimmt nicht, nichts dergleichen

I'll do no such thing — ich werde mich hüten

3. n pl - es
Neinnt; (= no vote) Neinstimmef
I won't take no for an answer — ich bestehe darauf, ich lasse nicht locker

he's the type who won't take no for an answer — er lässt sich nicht mit einem Nein abspeisen

the noes have it — die Mehrheit ist dagegen
II
1) abbr of north N

2) abbr of number Nr.

* * *

no [nəʊ]

A adv

1. auch int nein:

no! (zu einem Kleinkind od einem Hund) pfui!;

answer no Nein sagen;

say no to Nein sagen zu;

I won’t take no for an answer ein Nein lasse ich nicht gelten

2. ( nach or am Ende eines Satzes) Br sl nicht:

whether or no ob od nicht;

permitted or no erlaubt od nicht

3. (beim komp) um nichts, nicht:

no better a writer kein besserer Schriftsteller;

no longer (ago) than yesterday erst gestern

B pl noes s

1. Nein n, verneinende Antwort, Absage f, Weigerung f:

a clear no to ein klares Nein auf (akk) oder zu

2. PARL Nein-, Gegenstimme f:

the ayes and noes die Stimmen für und wider;

the noes have it die Mehrheit ist dagegen, der Antrag ist abgelehnt

C adj

1. kein(e):

no success kein Erfolg;

no hope keine Hoffnung;

no one keiner, niemand;

at no time nie;

in no time (at all) im Nu, im Handumdrehen; → way¹ Bes Redew

2. kein(e), alles andere als ein(e):

he is no artist;

he is no Englishman er ist kein (typischer) Engländer

3. vor ger:

“no fishing” „Angeln verboten!“; → deny A 1, knowing B, please A 2, saying 1

* * *
1. adjective
1) (not any) kein

2) (not a) kein; (quite other than) alles andere als

she is no beauty — sie ist keine Schönheit od. nicht gerade eine Schönheit

you are no friend — du bist kein [wahrer] Freund

3) (hardly any)

it's no distance from our house to the shopping centre — von unserem Haus ist es nicht weit bis zum Einkaufszentrum
2. adverb
1) (by no amount) nicht

no less [than] — nicht weniger [als]

it is no different from before — es hat sich nichts geändert

no more wine? — keinen Wein mehr?

no more war! — nie wieder Krieg!

2) (equivalent to negative sentence) nein

say/answer ‘no’ — nein sagen/mit Nein antworten

I won't take ‘no’ for an answer — ein Nein lasse ich nicht gelten
3. noun
, pl. noes Nein, das; (vote) Neinstimme, die

* * *

expr.

Nein ausdr.

English-german dictionary > no
7 by

1. preposition
1) (next to; near; at the side of: by the door; He sat by his sister.) junto a

2) (past: going by the house.) (por) delante

3) (through; along; across: We came by the main road.) por

4) (used (in the passive voice) to show the person or thing which performs an action: struck by a stone.) por

5) (using: He's going to contact us by letter; We travelled by train.) por, en

6) (from; through the means of: I met her by chance; by post.) por

7) ((of time) not later than: by 6 o'clock.) para

8) (during the time of.) de

9) (to the extent of: taller by ten centimetres.) de, por

10) (used to give measurements etc: 4 metres by 2 metres.) por

11) (in quantities of: fruit sold by the kilo.) por

12) (in respect of: a teacher by profession.) de

2. adverb
1) (near: They stood by and watched.) al lado (de)

2) (past: A dog ran by.) por ahí

3) (aside; away: money put by for an emergency.) apartado

•

- bygones: let bygones be bygones
- bypass
3. verb
(to avoid (a place) by taking such a road.) desviar

- by-product
- bystander
- by and by
- by and large
- by oneself
- by the way

by¹ advby expresa la idea de pasar cerca, pero sin detenerse

he saw me, but he passed by without saying a word me vio, pero pasó sin decirme ni una palabra

we watched the people go by miramos pasar a la gente

three cars went by pasaron tres coches

by² prep

1. por

he was attacked by a dog fue atacado por un perro / un perro lo atacó

it was designed by Gaudí fue diseñado por Gaudí

we get paid by the hour nos pagan por horas

eggs are sold by the dozen los huevos se venden por docenas

they won by six points ganaron por seis puntos

multiply five by three multiplica cinco por tres

eight divided by two ocho dividido por dos

you can book a room by phone puedes reservar una habitación por teléfono

2. junto a / al lado de

she was sitting by the fire estaba sentada junto al fuego

the phone is by the sofa el teléfono está al lado del sofá

she sat by me se sentó a mi lado / se sentó junto a mí

3. de

a film by Woody Allen una película de Woody Allen

he's a journalist by profession es periodista de profesión

she's German by birth es alemana de nacimiento

by day and by night de día y de noche

4. en

we went by train fuimos en tren

I'm going by car voy en coche

5. para

I need it by tomorrow lo necesito para mañana

I want you to be home by ten o'clock quiero que estés en casa para las diez

by the year 2050 para el año 2050

6. a

little by little poco a poco

step by step paso a paso

7. con

can I pay by credit card? ¿puedo pagar con tarjeta?

8. a base de

I earn some money by delivering newspapers gano algo de dinero a base de repartir periódicos

by oneself solo

I did it by myself lo hice solo

by

tr[baɪ]

preposition

1 (agent) por

■ painted by Constable pintado por Constable

■ bought by a tycoon comprado por un magnate

2 (means) por

■ by air/road por avión/carretera

■ by carain en cocheen

■ by hand a mano

■ by heart de memoria

3 (showing difference) por

■ I won by 3 points gané por tres puntos

■ better by far muchísimo mejor

4 (not later than) para

■ I need it by ten lo necesito para las diez

5 (during) de

■ by day/night de día/noche

6 (near) junto a, al lado de

■ sit by me siéntate a mi lado

7 (according to) según

■ by the rules según las reglas

8 (measurements) por

■ 6 metres by 4 6 metros por 4

9 (rate) por

■ paid by the hour pagado por horas

10 SMALLMATHEMATICS/SMALL por

■ 12 divided by 3 12 dividido por 3

11 (progression) a

■ day by day día a día

■ little by little poco a poco

12 (in sets) en

■ two by two de dos en dos

13 (introducing gerund)

■ you can find out by reading the papers te enterarás leyendo los periódicos

adverb

1 al lado, delante

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to go by pasar delante

by and by con el tiempo

by the by a propósito

by oneself solo,-a

by ['baɪ] adv

1) near: cerca

he lives close by: vive muy cerca

2)

to stop by : pasar por casa, hacer una visita

3)

to go by : pasar

they rushed by: pasaron corriendo

4)

to put by : reservar, poner a un lado

5)

by and by : poco después, dentro de poco

6)

by and large : en general

by prep

1) near: cerca de, al lado de, junto a

2) via: por

she left by the door: salió por la puerta

3) past: por, por delante de

they walked by him: pasaron por delante de él

4) during: de, durante

by night: de noche

5) (in expressions of time) : para

we'll be there by ten: estaremos allí para las diez

by then: para entonces

6) (indicating cause or agent) : por, de, a

built by the Romans: construido por los romanos

a book by Borges: un libro de Borges

made by hand: hecho a mano

by

adv.

• a un lado adv.

• aparte adv.

prep.

• al lado de prep.

• de prep.

• de acuerdo con prep.

• para prep.

• por prep.

• según prep.

I baɪ
preposition

1)

a) ( not later than)

he told her to be home by 11 — le dijo que volviera antes de las 11

they should be there by now — ya deberían estar allí

will it be ready by 5? — ¿estará listo para las 5?

by the time he arrived, Ann had left — cuando llegó, Ann se había ido

b) (during, at)

by day/night — de día/noche

Rome by night — Roma de noche

2)

a) (at the side of, near to) al lado de, junto a

come and sit by me — ven a sentarte a mi lado or junto a mí

it's right by the door — está justo al lado de la puerta

b) ( to hand) (AmE)

I always keep some money by me — siempre llevo algo de dinero encima

3)

a) ( past)

I said hello, but he walked right by me — lo saludé pero él pasó de largo

b) (via, through) por

I came in by the back door — entré por la puerta de atrás

by land/sea/air — por tierra/mar/avión

4) (indicating agent, cause) (with passive verbs) por [The passive voice is, however, less common in Spanish than it is in English]

she was brought up by her grandmother — la crió su abuela, fue criada por su abuela

she was accompanied by her father — iba acompañada de su padre

a play by Shakespeare — una obra de Shakespeare

it was written by Pinter — fue escrita por Pinter

5)

a) (indicating means, method)

made by hand — hecho a mano

to travel by carain — viajar en cocheen

to pay by credit card — pagar* con tarjeta de crédito

to navigate by the stars — guiarse* por las estrellas

by moonlight — a la luz de la luna

by -ing: you won't get anywhere by shouting no vas a conseguir nada con gritar; I'll begin by introducing myself — empezaré por presentarme

b) (owing to, from)

by chance — por casualidad

she is Spanish by birth — es española de nacimiento

he had two children by his second wife — tuvo dos hijos con or de su segunda mujer

by -ing: by specializing, she has limited her options al especializarse, ha restringido sus posibilidades; they have lost public support by being too extreme — han perdido apoyo popular por ser demasiado extremistas

6)

a) ( according to)

by that clock it's almost half past — según ese reloj son casi y media

by the look of things — por lo visto or al parecer

that's fine by me — por mí no hay problema

b) (in oaths)

I swear by Almighty God... — juro por Dios Todopoderoso...

by God, you'll be sorry you said that! — te juro que te vas a arrepentir de haber dicho eso

7)

a) ( indicating rate) por

we are paid by the hour — nos pagan por hora(s)

they make them by the thousand — hacen miles y miles de ellos

b) ( indicating extent of difference)

she broke the record by several seconds — batió el récord en or por varios segundos

we missed the train by seconds — perdimos el tren por unos segundos

I'm taller than you by an inch or two — soy una pulgada o dos más alto que tú

c) ( indicating gradual progression)

one by one — uno por uno

they went in two by two — entraron de dos en dos

little by little — poco a poco, de a poco (CS)

8) ( Math) por

multiply two by three — multiplica dos por tres

divide six by three — divide seis por or entre tres

a room 20ft by 12ft — una habitación de 20 pies por 12

9) ( in compass directions)

north by northeast — nornor(d)este

10)

by oneself — (alone, without assistance) solo

I need to be by myself — necesito estar solo or a solas

they do their homework by themselves — hacen los deberes solos

II

adverb

a) ( past)

let me by! — déjenme pasar!

she rushed by without seeing me — pasó corriendo y no me vio

they watched the parade march by — vieron pasar el desfile

b) (aside, in reserve)

I put a little money by each week — ahorro un poco de dinero cada semana

c) ( to somebody's residence)

call o stop by on your way to work — pasa por casa de camino al trabajo

d) (in phrases)

by and by: by and by they came to the clearing al poco rato llegaron al claro; it's going to rain by and by va a llover dentro de poco; by and large por lo general, en general; by the by — see bye I

[baɪ] When by is the second element in a phrasal verb, eg go by, stand by, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, eg by chance, by degrees, by half, look up the other word.
1. PREPOSITION

1) (=close to) al lado de, junto a

the house by the church — la casa que está al lado de or junto a la iglesia

come and sit by me — ven y siéntate a mi lado or junto a mí

I've got it by me — lo tengo a mi lado

"where's the bank?" - "it's by the post office" — -¿dónde está el banco? -está al lado de or junto a la oficina de correos

the house by the river — la casa que hay junto al río

a holiday by the sea — unas vacaciones en la costa

2) (=via) por

he came in by the back door/by the window — entró por la puerta de atrás/por la ventana

which route did you come by? — ¿por dónde or por qué camino or por qué ruta viniste?

I went by Dover — fui por Dover

3) (=past) por delante de

she walked by me — pasó por delante de mí

he rushed by me without seeing me — pasó deprisa por delante de mí sin verme

we drove by the cathedral — pasamos con el coche por delante de la catedral

4) (=during)

by day — de día

by night — de noche

by day he's a bank clerk and by night he's a security guard — de día es un empleado de banco y de noche es guarda de seguridad

a postcard of London by night — una postal nocturna de Londres

5) (in expressions of time)

a) (=not later than) para

we must be there by four o'clock — tenemos que estar allí para las cuatro

can you finish it by tomorrow? — ¿puedes terminarlo para mañana?

I'll be back by midnight — estaré de vuelta antes de or para la medianoche

applications must be submitted by 21 April — las solicitudes deben presentarse antes del 21 de abril

• by the time I got there it was too late — cuando llegué ya era demasiado tarde

it'll be ready by the time you get back — estará listo para cuando regreses

• by that time or by then I knew — para entonces ya lo sabía

b) (in year, on date, on day)

by tomorrow/Tuesday, I'll be in France — mañana/el martes ya estaré en Francia

by yesterday it was clear that... — ayer ya se veía claro que...

by 30 September we had spent £500 — a 30 de septiembre habíamos gastado 500 libras

by 1998 the figure had reached... — en 1998 la cifra había llegado a...

by 2010 the figure will have reached... — hacia el año 2010 la cifra habrá llegado a...

6) (indicating amount or rate)

to reduce sth by a third — reducir algo en una tercera parte

to rent a house by the month — alquilar una casa por meses

letters were arriving by the sackload — las cartas llegaban a montones

it seems to be getting bigger by the minute/day — parece que va creciendo minuto a minuto/día a día

• to sell sth by the dozen — vender algo por docenas

• we get paid by the hour — nos pagan por horas

• we sell by the kilo — vendemos por kilos

• we charge by the kilometre — cobramos por kilómetro

• little by little — poco a poco

• one by one — uno tras otro, uno a uno

• two by two — de dos en dos

7) (indicating agent, cause) por

the thieves were caught by the police — los ladrones fueron capturados por la policía, la policía capturó a los ladrones

surrounded by enemies — rodeado de enemigos

a painting by Picasso — un cuadro de Picasso

who's that song by? — ¿de quién es esa canción?

he had a daughter by his first wife — tuvo una hija con su primera mujer

8) (indicating transport, method etc)

• by air — [travel] en avión; [send] por avión, por vía aérea

• by bus/ car — en autobús/coche

• to pay by cheque — pagar con cheque

• made by hand — hecho a mano

• by land — por tierra

• by the light of the moon/a candle — a la luz de la luna/de una vela

• by rail or train — en tren

• by sea — por mar

9) (with gerund)

by working hard — a fuerza de mucho trabajar, trabajando mucho

he ended by saying that... — terminó diciendo que...

10) (=according to) según

by my watch it's five o'clock — según mi reloj son las cinco

by my calculations — según mis cálculos

to call sth by its proper name — llamar algo por su nombre

it's all right by me — por mí no hay problema or está bien

if that's okay by you — si no tienes inconveniente

11) (measuring difference)

she missed the plane by a few minutes — perdió el avión por unos minutos

we beat them to Joe's house by five minutes — llegamos a casa de Joe cinco minutos antes que ellos

broader by a metre — un metro más ancho

she's lighter than her brother by only a couple of pounds — pesa solo un par de libras menos que su hermano

it's too short by a metre — es un metro más corto de lo que tendría que ser

it missed me by inches — no me dio por un pelo, me pasó rozando

12) (in measurements, sums)

a room 3 metres by 4 — una habitación de 3 metros por 4

• to divide by — dividir por or entre

• to multiply by — multiplicar por

13)

• by oneself — solo

he was all by himself — estaba solo

I did it all by myself — lo hice yo solo

don't leave the two of them alone by themselves — no los dejes solos

14) (with compass point)

north by northeast — nornordeste

south by southwest — sudsudoeste, sursuroeste

15) (in oaths) por

I swear by Almighty God — juro por Dios Todopoderoso

by heaven * — por Dios

2. ADVERB

1) (=past)

a train hurtled by — pasó un tren a toda velocidad

• they wouldn't let me by — no me dejaban pasar

• she rushed by without stopping — pasó a toda prisa, sin pararse

2) (in set expressions)

• by and by, I'll be with you by and by — enseguida estoy contigo

you'll be sorry by and by — no tardarás en arrepentirte

by and by we heard voices — al poco rato oímos unas voces

• close or hard by — muy cerca

• by and large — en general, por lo general

• to put sth by — poner algo a un lado

* * *

I [baɪ]
preposition

1)

a) ( not later than)

he told her to be home by 11 — le dijo que volviera antes de las 11

they should be there by now — ya deberían estar allí

will it be ready by 5? — ¿estará listo para las 5?

by the time he arrived, Ann had left — cuando llegó, Ann se había ido

b) (during, at)

by day/night — de día/noche

Rome by night — Roma de noche

2)

a) (at the side of, near to) al lado de, junto a

come and sit by me — ven a sentarte a mi lado or junto a mí

it's right by the door — está justo al lado de la puerta

b) ( to hand) (AmE)

I always keep some money by me — siempre llevo algo de dinero encima

3)

a) ( past)

I said hello, but he walked right by me — lo saludé pero él pasó de largo

b) (via, through) por

I came in by the back door — entré por la puerta de atrás

by land/sea/air — por tierra/mar/avión

4) (indicating agent, cause) (with passive verbs) por [The passive voice is, however, less common in Spanish than it is in English]

she was brought up by her grandmother — la crió su abuela, fue criada por su abuela

she was accompanied by her father — iba acompañada de su padre

a play by Shakespeare — una obra de Shakespeare

it was written by Pinter — fue escrita por Pinter

5)

a) (indicating means, method)

made by hand — hecho a mano

to travel by car/train — viajar en coche/tren

to pay by credit card — pagar* con tarjeta de crédito

to navigate by the stars — guiarse* por las estrellas

by moonlight — a la luz de la luna

by -ing: you won't get anywhere by shouting no vas a conseguir nada con gritar; I'll begin by introducing myself — empezaré por presentarme

b) (owing to, from)

by chance — por casualidad

she is Spanish by birth — es española de nacimiento

he had two children by his second wife — tuvo dos hijos con or de su segunda mujer

by -ing: by specializing, she has limited her options al especializarse, ha restringido sus posibilidades; they have lost public support by being too extreme — han perdido apoyo popular por ser demasiado extremistas

6)

a) ( according to)

by that clock it's almost half past — según ese reloj son casi y media

by the look of things — por lo visto or al parecer

that's fine by me — por mí no hay problema

b) (in oaths)

I swear by Almighty God... — juro por Dios Todopoderoso...

by God, you'll be sorry you said that! — te juro que te vas a arrepentir de haber dicho eso

7)

a) ( indicating rate) por

we are paid by the hour — nos pagan por hora(s)

they make them by the thousand — hacen miles y miles de ellos

b) ( indicating extent of difference)

she broke the record by several seconds — batió el récord en or por varios segundos

we missed the train by seconds — perdimos el tren por unos segundos

I'm taller than you by an inch or two — soy una pulgada o dos más alto que tú

c) ( indicating gradual progression)

one by one — uno por uno

they went in two by two — entraron de dos en dos

little by little — poco a poco, de a poco (CS)

8) ( Math) por

multiply two by three — multiplica dos por tres

divide six by three — divide seis por or entre tres

a room 20ft by 12ft — una habitación de 20 pies por 12

9) ( in compass directions)

north by northeast — nornor(d)este

10)

by oneself — (alone, without assistance) solo

I need to be by myself — necesito estar solo or a solas

they do their homework by themselves — hacen los deberes solos

II

adverb

a) ( past)

let me by! — déjenme pasar!

she rushed by without seeing me — pasó corriendo y no me vio

they watched the parade march by — vieron pasar el desfile

b) (aside, in reserve)

I put a little money by each week — ahorro un poco de dinero cada semana

c) ( to somebody's residence)

call o stop by on your way to work — pasa por casa de camino al trabajo

d) (in phrases)

by and by: by and by they came to the clearing al poco rato llegaron al claro; it's going to rain by and by va a llover dentro de poco; by and large por lo general, en general; by the by — see bye I

English-spanish dictionary > by
8 amor

ămor (old form ămŏs, like honos, labos, colos, etc., Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 2; v. Neue, Formenl. I. p. 170), ōris, m. [amo], love (to friends, parents, etc.; and also in a low sense; hence in gen., like amo, while caritas, like diligere, is esteem, regard, etc.; hence amor is used also of brutes, but caritas only of men; v amo init.):
Amicitiae caritate et amore cernuntur. Nam cum deorum, tum parentum, patriaeque cultus, eorumque hominum, qui aut sapientiā aut opibus excellunt, ad caritatem referri solet. Conjuges autem et liberi et fratres et alii, quos usus familiaritasque conjunxit, quamquam etiam caritate ipsā, tamen amore maxime continentur,
Cic. Part. Or. 25, 88; cf. id. ib. 16, 56; Doed. Syn. IV. p. 100 (but amor is related to benevolentia as the cause to the effect, since benevolentia designates only an external, friendly treatment; but amor a real, internal love):
amor, ex quo amicitia nominata, princeps est ad benevolentiam conjungendam,
Cic. Am. 8, 26:
nihil enim est, quod studio et benevolentiā, vel amore potius effici non possit,
id. Fam. 3, 9; cf. Doed. Syn. IV. p. 105 (very freq. in all periods, and in every kind of style; in a low sense most freq. in the com. and eleg. poets, Petron., and similar authors; v. amo init.); constr. with in, erga, or the obj. gen. (with the gen. of the gerund, never in Cic., and perh. in no prose writer; but it is so found in Lucr., Ovid, and Hor.).
I.
Lit.: ab his initiis noster in te amor profectus, Cic. Fam. 13, 29:
si quid in te residet amoris erga me,
id. ib. 5, 5:
amori nostro (i. e. quo a te amamur) plusculum etiam, quam concedit veritas, largiare,
id. ib. 5, 12;
Postquam primus amor deceptam morte fefellit,
Verg. A. 4, 17:
amabilis super amorem mulierum,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 1, 26: in paternitatis amore, brotherly love (Gr. philadelphia), ib. 1 Pet. 1, 22; ib. 2 Pet. 1, 7 bis:
amplecti aliquem amore,
Cic. Att. 7, 1:
habere amorem erga aliquem,
id. ib. 9, 14:
respondere amori amore,
id. ib. 15, 21:
conciliare amorem alicui,
id. de Or. 2, 51 et saep.—Of sexual love, whether lawful or unlawful: Medea amore saevo saucia, Enn. Med. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 22 (as a transl. of the Gr. erôti thumon ekplageis Iasonos, Eur. Med. prol. 8):
videbantur illi (septem anni) pauci dies prae amoris magnitudine,
Vulg. Gen. 29, 20; 29, 30:
is amore projecticiam illam deperit,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 43:
amore perdita est,
id. Mil. 4, 6, 38:
in amore haec omnia sunt vitia,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 14:
aeterno devictus volnere amoris,
Lucr. 1, 35:
qui vitat amorem,
id. 4, 1069:
Nec te noster amor tenet?
Verg. A. 4, 307; 4, 395; Ov. M. 4, 256:
ne sit ancillae tibi amor pudori,
Hor. C. 2, 4, 1:
meretricis amore Sollicitus,
id. S. 2, 3, 252:
ut majus esset odium amore, quo ante dilexerat,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 13, 15:
ambo vulnerati amore ejus,
ib. Dan. 13, 10 al. —In both significations also in the plur.:
amores hominum in te,
Cic. Att. 5, 10:
amores sancti,
id. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 34, 72:
Ille meos, primus qui me sibi junxit, amores Abstulit,
Verg. A. 4, 28:
est is mihi in amoribus, i. e. valde a me amatur,
Cic. Fam. 7, 32:
meos amores eloquar,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 2:
meretricii amores,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 10:
quem amore venerio dilexerat,
Nep. Paus. 4, 1:
amores et hae deliciae, quae vocantur,
Cic. Cael. 19:
quando Dido tantos rumpi non speret amores,
Verg. A. 4, 292:
Tabuit ex illo dementer amoribus usa,
Ov. M. 4, 259:
insanos fateamur amores,
id. ib. 9, 519 et saep.; Hor. C. 3, 21, 3 et saep.—
II.
Meton.
A.
For the beloved object itself:
amores et deliciae tuae,
Cic. Div. 1, 36;
Pompeius, nostri amores,
id. Att. 2, 19; 16, 6;
and ironic.: sed redeo ad amores deliciasque nostras, L. Antonium,
id. Phil. 6, 5; Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 79; Ov. M. 1, 617; 4, 137 al.—
B.
Personified: Amor, the god of love, Love, Cupid, Erôs:
O praeclaram emendatricem vitae poëticam, quae Amorem flagitii et levitatis auctorem in concilio deorum collocandum putet,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69:
Deum esse Amorem turpis et vitio favens finxit libido,
Sen. Phaedr. 195: Illum conjugem, quem Amor dederat, qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69:
Omnia vincit Amor, et nos cedamus Amori,
Verg. E. 10, 69:
Improbe Amor, quid non mortalia corpora cogis?
id. A. 4, 412:
Paret Amor dictis carae genetricis,
id. ib. 1, 689:
Amor non talia curat,
id. E. 10, 28:
nec quid Amor curat,
Ov. M. 1, 480:
Amori dare ludum,
Hor. C. 3, 12, 1; Prop. 1, 2, 8:
non tot sagittis, Spicula quot nostro pectore fixit Amor,
id. 3, 4, 2:
pharetratus,
Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 22:
Notaque purpureus tela resumit Amor,
id. Am. 2, 9, 34:
movit Amor gemmatas aureus alas,
id. R. Am. 39 et saep.—Also in the plur., Cupids, Loves:
corpora nudorum Amorum,
Ov. M. 10, 516:
lascivi Amores,
Hor. C. 2, 11, 7:
parvi Amores,
Prop. 3, 1, 11:
Amores volucres,
Ov. Ep. 16, 201:
pharetrati,
id. R. Am. 519 al. —
C.
A strong, passionate longing for something, desire, lust:
consulatūs amor,
Cic. Sull. 26, 73:
gloriae,
id. Arch. 11, 28:
amicitiae,
id. Tusc. 4, 33, 70:
lactis,
Verg. G. 3, 394:
vini,
Liv. 9, 18:
auri,
Verg. A. 1, 349:
argenti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 78:
nummi,
Juv. 14, 138:
laudum,
Verg. A. 9, 197 et saep.:
cognitionis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 7, 18.—With gerund:
edundi,
Lucr. 4, 870:
habendi,
Ov. M. 1, 131, and Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 85:
scribendi,
id. S. 2, 1, 10.— Poet., with inf.:
si tantus amor casus cognoscere nostros,
Verg. A. 2, 10:
seu rore pudico Castaliae flavos amor est tibi mergere crines,
Stat. Th. 1, 698.—
* D.
Poet., a love-charm, philtre:
quaeritur et nascentis equi de fronte revolsus Et matri praereptus amor,
Verg. A. 4, 516; upon which passage Serv. remarks: Secundum Plinium, qui dicit in Naturali Historiā (8, 42, 66, § 163 sqq.) pullos equinos habere in fronte quandam carnem, quam eis statim natis adimit mater; quam si quis forte [p. 109] praeripuerit, odit pullum et lac ei denegat; v. hippomanes.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > amor
9 NO

I 1. [nəʊ]
determinante

1) (not one, not any)

to have no money, shoes — non avere soldi, scarpe

no intelligent man would have done that — nessuna persona intelligente l'avrebbe fatto

no two people would agree on this — non si troverebbero due persone d'accordo su questo

of no interest — di nessun interesse

there's no chocolate like Belgian chocolate — non c'è nessun cioccolato come quello belga, il cioccolato belga non ha uguali

2) (with gerund)

there's no knowing what will happen — (è) impossibile sapere cosa succederà

there's no denying that — è inutile negarlo

3) (prohibiting)

no smoking — vietato fumare

no parking — divieto di sosta

no talking! — silenzio!

4) (for emphasis)

he's no expert — non è certo un esperto

this is no time to cry — non è questo il momento di piangere

at no time did I say that — non ho mai detto che

5) (hardly any)

in no time — in un istante o battibaleno

it was no distance — non era lontano
2.
nome no m.; (vote against) no m., voto m. contrario
II [nəʊ]
avverbio no

"lend me Ј 10" - "no, I won't" — "prestami 10 sterline" - "no"

no thanks — no grazie
III [nəʊ]
avverbio

1) (not any)

it's no further than — non è più lontano di

I no longer work there — non lavoro più là

no later than Friday — non più tardi di venerdì

it's no different from driving a car — è esattamente come guidare una macchina

no fewer than 50 people — non meno di 50 persone

they need no less than three weeks — hanno bisogno di almeno tre settimane

2) (not) no

tired or no, you're going to bed — te ne vai a letto, che tu sia stanco o no

whether it rains or no — che piova o no
••
Note:

When no precedes an adjective, the latter is usually in the comparative: no fewer than 50 people came = non vennero meno di 50 persone. Otherwise, not is used, especially before a, all, many, much, and enough: she is not stupid = non è stupida; not many people came = non sono venuti in molti

* * *
[nəu] 1. adjective
1) (not any: We have no food; No other person could have done it.) nessuno, non

2) (not allowed: No smoking.) divieto di

3) (not a: He is no friend of mine; This will be no easy task.) non
2. adverb
(not (any): He is no better at golf than swimming; He went as far as the shop and no further.) non
3. interjection
(a word used for denying, disagreeing, refusing etc: `Do you like travelling?' `No, (I don't).'; No, I don't agree; `Will you help me?' `No, I won't.') no
4. noun plural
( noes)

1) (a refusal: She answered with a definite no.) no

2) (a vote against something: The noes have won.) no, voto contrario

•

- nobody
5. noun
(a very unimportant person: She's just a nobody.)

- no-one
- there's no saying
- knowing
* * *
NO
sigla

1 ( naval officer) ufficiale di Marina

2 ( New Orleans).

* * *
I 1. [nəʊ]
determinante

1) (not one, not any)

to have no money, shoes — non avere soldi, scarpe

no intelligent man would have done that — nessuna persona intelligente l'avrebbe fatto

no two people would agree on this — non si troverebbero due persone d'accordo su questo

of no interest — di nessun interesse

there's no chocolate like Belgian chocolate — non c'è nessun cioccolato come quello belga, il cioccolato belga non ha uguali

2) (with gerund)

there's no knowing what will happen — (è) impossibile sapere cosa succederà

there's no denying that — è inutile negarlo

3) (prohibiting)

no smoking — vietato fumare

no parking — divieto di sosta

no talking! — silenzio!

4) (for emphasis)

he's no expert — non è certo un esperto

this is no time to cry — non è questo il momento di piangere

at no time did I say that — non ho mai detto che

5) (hardly any)

in no time — in un istante o battibaleno

it was no distance — non era lontano
2.
nome no m.; (vote against) no m., voto m. contrario
II [nəʊ]
avverbio no

"lend me Ј 10" - "no, I won't" — "prestami 10 sterline" - "no"

no thanks — no grazie
III [nəʊ]
avverbio

1) (not any)

it's no further than — non è più lontano di

I no longer work there — non lavoro più là

no later than Friday — non più tardi di venerdì

it's no different from driving a car — è esattamente come guidare una macchina

no fewer than 50 people — non meno di 50 persone

they need no less than three weeks — hanno bisogno di almeno tre settimane

2) (not) no

tired or no, you're going to bed — te ne vai a letto, che tu sia stanco o no

whether it rains or no — che piova o no
••
Note:

When no precedes an adjective, the latter is usually in the comparative: no fewer than 50 people came = non vennero meno di 50 persone. Otherwise, not is used, especially before a, all, many, much, and enough: she is not stupid = non è stupida; not many people came = non sono venuti in molti

English-Italian dictionary > NO
10 no

no [nəʊ]

1. particle

non

• I won't take no for an answer (inf) j'insiste

2. noun

(plural noes) non m inv

• the noes have it les non l'emportent

• there were seven noes il y avait sept voix contre

3. adjective

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► For set expressions such as by no means, no more, look up the other word

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

   a. ( = not any) pas de

• she had no coat elle n'avait pas de manteau

• I have no idea je n'ai aucune idée

• no two are alike il n'y en a pas deux pareils

• no sensible man would have done that aucun homme sensé n'aurait fait ça

• it's of no interest ça n'a aucun intérêt

   b. (emphatic) he's no friend of mine il n'est pas de mes amis

• he's no genius il n'a rien d'un génie

• headache or no headache, you'll have to do it (inf) migraine ou pas, tu vas devoir le faire

• theirs is no easy task leur tâche n'est pas facile

   c. (forbidding) no smoking défense de fumer

• no entry défense d'entrer

• no parking stationnement m interdit

• no nonsense! pas d'histoires ! (inf)

   d. (with gerund) there's no knowing what he'll do next impossible de dire ce qu'il fera après

• there's no pleasing him (quoi qu'on fasse) il n'est jamais satisfait

4. adverb

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► For set expressions such as no less (than), no longer, no sooner said than done, look up the other word.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ (with comparative) no bigger/stronger/more intelligent than... pas plus grand/fort/intelligent que...

• the patient is no better le malade ne va pas mieux

• I can go no further je ne peux pas aller plus loin

5. compounds

► no-brainer noun

• it's a no-brainer ( = obvious) ça tombe sous le sens ► no-claims bonus noun (Insurance) bonus m

► no-fly zone noun zone f d'exclusion aérienne

► no-frills adjective avec service minimum

► no-go adjective

• it's no-go (inf) ça ne marche pas

• no-go area zone f interdite ► no-good (inf) adjective, noun nul ( nulle f) (inf)

► no-holds-barred adjective où tous les coups sont permis

► no-hoper (inf) noun raté (e) m(f)

► no-man's-land noun (in battle) no man's land m ; ( = wasteland) terrain m vague ; ( = indefinite area) zone f mal définie

► no-no (inf) noun

• it's a no-no ( = forbidden) ça ne se fait pas ; ( = impossible) c'est impossible ► no-nonsense adjective [approach, attitude] raisonnable

► no one noun = nobody

► no place (inf) adverb

= nowhere

► no-show noun défection f

► no-win situation noun impasse f

* * *
[nəʊ] 1.
particle non
2.
determiner

1) (none, not any)

to have no money/shoes — ne pas avoir d'argent/de chaussures

no intelligent man would have done that — aucun homme intelligent n'aurait fait cela

no two people would agree on this — il n'y a pas deux personnes qui seraient d'accord là-dessus

of no interest — sans intérêt

there's no chocolate like Belgian chocolate — il n'y a pas de meilleur chocolat que le chocolat belge

2) ( with gerund)

there's no knowing what will happen — (il est) impossible de savoir ce qui va arriver

there's no denying that... — (il est) inutile de nier que...

3) ( prohibiting)

no smoking — défense de fumer

no parking — stationnement interdit

no talking! — silence!

no job losses! — non aux licenciements!

4) ( for emphasis)

he's no expert — ce n'est certes pas un expert

this is no time to cry — ce n'est pas le moment de pleurer

at no time did I say that... — je n'ai jamais dit que...

5) ( hardly any)

in no time — en un rien de temps

it was no distance — ce n'était pas loin
3.
noun gen non m inv; ( vote against) non m inv
4.
adverb

it's no further/easier than — ce n'est pas plus loin/facile que

I no longer work there — je n'y travaille plus

no later than Wednesday — pas plus tard que mercredi

it's no different from driving a car — c'est exactement comme conduire une voiture

no fewer than 50 people — pas moins de 50 personnes

they need no less than three weeks — ils ont besoin d'au moins trois semaines

English-French dictionary > no
11 get

ɡet
past tense - got; verb

1) (to receive or obtain: I got a letter this morning.) recibir

2) (to bring or buy: Please get me some food.) traer, ir a buscar, procurar; comprar

3) (to (manage to) move, go, take, put etc: He couldn't get across the river; I got the book down from the shelf.) ir, cruzar, atravesar; tomar

4) (to cause to be in a certain condition etc: You'll get me into trouble.) meter, arrastrar, poner

5) (to become: You're getting old.) hacerse (por ej. mayor), volverse, convertirse

6) (to persuade: I'll try to get him to go.) convencer, persuadir

7) (to arrive: When did they get home?) llegar

8) (to succeed (in doing) or to happen (to do) something: I'll soon get to know the neighbours; I got the book read last night.) conseguir, llegar a, lograr

9) (to catch (a disease etc): She got measles last week.) coger, pillar, cazar, agarrar, contraer

10) (to catch (someone): The police will soon get the thief.) atrapar, coger

11) (to understand: I didn't get the point of his story.) coger, pillar, comprender, entender

•

- getaway
- get-together
- get-up
- be getting on for
- get about
- get across
- get after
- get ahead
- get along
- get around
- get around to
- get at
- get away
- get away with
- get back
- get by
- get down
- get down to
- get in
- get into
- get nowhere
- get off
- get on
- get on at
- get out
- get out of
- get over
- get round
- get around to
- get round to
- get there
- get through
- get together
- get up
- get up to

get vb

1. comprar

I'll get some cheese from the supermarket compraré queso en el supermercado

2. coger / tomar

he gets the five o'clock train coge el tren de las cinco

3. recibir / conseguir

we got a postcard from Helen recibimos una postal de Helen

he got a violin for Christmas le regalaron un violín para Navidad

4. llevarse

I got a surprise when I opened the door me llevé una sorpresa cuando abrí la puerta

5. hacer / ponerse

it's getting late se está haciendo tarde

he got angry se puso furioso

she soon got better enseguida se puso mejor

we're all getting older todos nos estamos haciendo más viejos

6. traer

could you get me a coffee, please? ¿me puedes traer un café, por favor?

7. buscar / recoger

I'm going to get the car from the garage voy a buscar el coche al taller

8. llegar

what time did you get home? ¿a qué hora llegaste a casa?

how do you get to the restaurant? ¿cómo se va al restaurante?

to get dressed vestirse

to get lost perderse

to get married casarse

to get old envejecer

to get ready prepararse

to get somebody to do something conseguir que alguien haga algo

she got him to help her when she moved flat consiguió que la ayudara cuando se mudó de piso

to get to know someone llegar a conocer a alguien

to get used to something acostumbrarse a algo

to get wet mojarse

El pasado y participio pasado de get es got; el gerundio se escribe getting

get

tr[get]

transitive verb (pt got tr[gɒt], pp got tr[gɒt] (|us| gotten tr['gɒtən]), ger getting)

1 obtener, conseguir

■ I want to get a job quiero conseguir un trabajo

■ she got £1,000 for her car le dieron mil libras por su coche

■ he got a bank loan le concedieron un crédito bancario

■ what did you get in maths? ¿qué sacaste en mates?

2 recibir

■ I got your letter yesterday recibí tu carta ayer

■ I got a bike for my birthday me regalaron una bici para mi cumpleaños

■ I got the sack me despidieron

■ he got a life sentence for murder le echaron cadena perpetua por asesinato

■ how did you get that cut? ¿cómo te hiciste ese corte?

3 comprar

■ where did you get your jeans? ¿dónde compraste tus vaqueros?

■ I've got him a CD le he comprado un compact

■ she got herself a new dress se compró un vestido nuevo

4 traer

■ get the car traiga el coche

■ get the fire brigade llama a los bomberos

■ I've got to go and get Liam tengo que ir a buscar a Liam

5 coger

■ she got the flu cogió la gripe

■ he always gets a taxi when it rains siempre coge un taxi cuando llueve

6 captar, recibir, coger

7 pedir, decir; persuadir, convencer

■ get your brother to help you pídele a tu hermano que te ayude

■ get him to phone me dile que me llame

■ can you get her to lend us the money? ¿puedes convencerla para que nos deje el dinero?

8 preparar

■ can I get you something to eat? ¿te preparo algo para comer?

9 familiar entender, captar, coger

■ I don't get it no lo entiendo

10 familiar poner nervioso,-a, fastidiar

■ what really gets me is his laziness lo que me fastidia es su pereza

■ this bad weather gets on my nerves este mal tiempo me pone de mal humor

11 ganar, cobrar

■ he gets a good salary gana un buen sueldo

12 poner con; contestar, atender, coger; abrir

■ can you get me the Embassy Hotel? ¿me puede poner con el Hotel Embassy?

13 conseguir, lograr

■ I can't get the car to start no consigo arrancar el coche

14 hacer algo a uno

■ she loves getting her hair done le encanta que le arreglen el pelo

■ he got his car repaired in no time le repararon el coche en un santiamén

15 dar, alcanzar

■ she got hit by a stray bullet le alcanzó una bala perdida

intransitive verb

1 ponerse, volverse

■ she gets very angry if we're late se pone furiosa si llegamos tarde

2 ir

■ how do you get there? ¿cómo se va hasta allí?

■ can you get there by bus? ¿se puede ir en autobús?

transitive verb

1 figurative use ir, llevar

■ this isn't getting us anywhere esto no nos lleva a ninguna parte

■ where do you think she's got to? ¿dónde crees que se ha metido?

intransitive verb

1 llegar

■ we'll get there soon pronto llegaremos

■ how did you get home? ¿cómo llegaste a casa?

2 llegar a

■ you'll get to like it in the end acabará gustándote

■ I got to know him very well llegué a conocerlo muy bien

3 llegar a

■ we never got to visiting the museum no llegamos a visitar el museo

■ I get to travel quite a bit in my job tengo la oportunidad de viajar bastante en mi trabajo

4 empezar a

■ we got talking empezamos a hablar, nos pusimos a hablar

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

get along with you! ¡déjate de bobadas!, ¡no seas bobo,-a!

to get along without something pasar sin algo

■ we can get along without a dishwasher nos podemos pasar sin un lavaplatos

to get better mejorar

to get dark oscurecer

to get dirty ensuciarse

to get divorced divorciarse

to get down on one's knees arrodillarse

to get dressed vestirse

to get drunk emborracharse

to get into trouble meterse en un lío

to get late hacerse tarde

to get lost perderse

to get married casarse

to get old hacerse mayor, envejecer

to get on somebody's nerves irritar a alguien, poner nervioso,-a a alguien

to get one's own way salirse con la suya

to get paid cobrar

to get ready preparar, prepararse

to get rid of deshacerse de

to get tired cansarse

to get wet mojarse

to get worse empeorar

get ['gɛt] v, got ['gɑt] ; got or gotten ['gɑtə n] ; getting vt

1) obtain: conseguir, obtener, adquirir

2) receive: recibir

to get a letter: recibir una carta

3) earn: ganar

he gets $10 an hour: gana $10 por hora

4) fetch: traer

get me my book: tráigame el libro

5) catch: tomar (un tren, etc.), agarrar (una pelota, una persona, etc.)

6) contract: contagiarse de, contraer

she got the measles: le dio el sarampión

7) prepare: preparar (una comida)

8) persuade: persuadir, mandar a hacer

I got him to agree: logré convencerlo

9) (to cause to be)

to get one's hair cut: cortarse el pelo

10) understand: entender

now I get it!: ¡ya entiendo!

11)

to have got : tener

I've got a headache: tengo un dolor de cabeza

12)

to have got to : tener que

you've got to come: tienes que venir

get vi

1) become: ponerse, volverse, hacerse

to get angry: ponerse furioso, enojarse

2) go, move: ir, avanzar

he didn't get far: no avanzó mucho

3) arrive: llegar

to get home: llegar a casa

4)

to get to be : llegar a ser

she got to be the director: llegó a ser directora

5)

to get ahead : adelantarse, progresar

6)

to get along : llevarse bien (con alguien), congeniar

7)

to get by manage: arreglárselas

8)

to get over overcome: superar, consolarse de

9)

to get together meet: reunirse

10)

to get up : levantarse

get (s.o.) down

expr.

• desmoralizar v. (Profits, etc.)

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: got) or p.p.: gotten•) = lucrarse v. (Understand)

v.

• comprender v.

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: got) or p.p.: gotten•) = adquirir v.

• alcanzar v.

• buscar v.

• coger v.

• ganar v.

• lograr v.

• obtener v.

(§pres: -tengo, -tienes...-tenemos) pret: -tuv-

fut/c: -tendr-•)

• procurar v.

• recibir v.

• sacar v.

• tomar v.

get
1.

1) (pres p getting; past got; past p got or AmE also gotten) transitive verb

Sense I

2)

a) ( obtain) \<\<money/information\>\> conseguir*, obtener*; \<\<job/staff\>\> conseguir*; \<\<authorization/loan\>\> conseguir*, obtener*; \<\<idea\>\> sacar*

where did you get that beautiful rug? — ¿dónde conseguiste or encontraste esa alfombra tan preciosa?

these pears are as good as you'll get, I'm afraid — estas peras son de lo mejorcito que hay (fam)

the public can't get enough of her — el público no se cansa de ella

to get something from somebody/something: we get our information from official sources sacamos la información de fuentes oficiales; you can get any information from my secretary — mi secretaria le podrá dar toda la información que necesite

b) ( buy) comprar

to get something from somebody/something: I get my bread from the local baker le compro el pan al panadero del barrio; I got it from Harrods lo compré en Harrods; we get them from Italy — ( they supply our business) los traen de Italia

c) (achieve, win) \<\<prize/grade\>\> sacar*, obtener* (frml); \<\<majority\>\> obtener* (frml), conseguir*

he gets results — consigue or logra lo que se propone

d) ( by calculation)

divide 27 by 3 and you get 9 — si divides 27 por 3 te dará 9

got it! — ya sé!

e) ( on the telephone) \<\<person\>\> lograr comunicarse con

I got the wrong number — me equivoqué de número; ( having dialled correctly) me salió un número equivocado

3)

a) ( receive) \<\<letter/reward/reprimand\>\> recibir

I got a stereo for my birthday — me regalaron un estéreo para mi cumpleaños

do I get a kiss, then? — ¿entonces me das un beso?

he got 12 years for armed robbery — lo condenaron a or (fam) le cayeron 12 años por robo a mano armada

to get something from somebody: all I ever get from you is criticism lo único que haces es criticarme; she got a warm reception from the audience el público le dio una cálida bienvenida; I do all the work and she gets all the credit yo hago todo el trabajo y ella se lleva la fama; I seldom get the chance rara vez se me presenta la oportunidad; the kitchen doesn't get much sun — en la cocina no da mucho el sol

b) (Rad, TV) \<\<station\>\> captar, recibir, coger* (esp Esp fam), agarrar (CS fam)

c) ( be paid) \<\<salary/pay\>\> ganar

I got £200 for the piano — me dieron 200 libras por el piano

d) ( experience) \<\<shock/surprise\>\> llevarse

I get the feeling that... — tengo or me da la sensación de que...

e) ( suffer)

how did you get that bump on your head? — ¿cómo te hiciste ese chichón en la cabeza?

she got a splinter in her finger — se clavó una astilla en el dedo

he got the full force of the blast — recibió todo el impacto de la explosión

4) (find, have) (colloq)

you don't get elephants in America — en América no hay elefantes

we get mainly students in here — nuestros clientes (or visitantes etc) son mayormente estudiantes

5) ( fetch) \<\<hammer/scissors\>\> traer*, ir* a buscar; \<\<doctor/plumber\>\> llamar

get your coat — anda or vete a buscar tu abrigo

she got herself a cup of coffee — se sirvió (or se hizo etc) una taza de café

6)

a) ( reach) alcanzar*

b) ( take hold of) agarrar, coger* (esp Esp)

c) (catch, trap) pillar (fam), agarrar (AmL), coger* (esp Esp)

d) (assault, kill) (colloq)

I'll get you yet! — ya me las vas a pagar! (fam)

the sharks must have got him — se lo deben de haber comido los tiburones (fam)

7) ( contract) \<\<cold/flu\>\> agarrar, pescar* (fam), pillar (fam), coger* (esp Esp)

she got chickenpox from her sister — la hermana le contagió or (fam) le pegó la varicela

8) ( catch) \<\<busain\>\> tomar, coger* (Esp)

9) (colloq)

a) ( irritate) fastidiar

b) ( arouse pity)

it gets you right there — (set phrase) te conmueve, te da mucha lástima

c) ( puzzle)

what gets me is how... — lo que no entiendo es cómo...

10)

a) ( understand) (colloq) entender*

don't get me wrong — no me malentiendas or malinterpretes

get it? — ¿entiendes?, ¿agarras or (Esp) coges la onda? (fam)

b) (hear, take note of) oír*

I didn't get your name — no entendí tu nombre

did you get the number? — ¿tomaste nota del número?

11) ( answer) (colloq) \<\<phone\>\> contestar, atender*, coger* (Esp); \<\<door\>\> abrir*

12) ( possess)

to have got — see have

Sense II

13) (bring, move, put) (+ adv compl)

we'll get it there by two o'clock — lo tendremos allí antes de las dos

just wait till I get you home! — ya vas a ver cuando lleguemos a casa!

they couldn't get it up the stairs — no lo pudieron subir por las escaleras; see also get across, get in

14) ( cause to be) (+ adj compl)

he got the children ready — preparó a los niños

I can't get the window open/shut — no puedo abrir/cerrar la ventana

they got their feet wet/dirty — se mojaron/se ensuciaron los pies

15) to get somebody/something + pp

a) ( with action carried out by subject)

we must get some work done — tenemos que trabajar un poco

it's about time they got themselves organized — ya va siendo hora de que se organicen

b) ( with action carried out by somebody else)

he got the house painted — hizo pintar la casa

I must get this watch fixed — tengo que llevar a or (AmL tb) mandar (a) arreglar este reloj

16) (arrange, persuade, force)

to get somebody/something to + inf: I'll get him to help you ( order) le diré que te ayude; ( ask) le pediré que te ayude; ( persuade) lo convenceré de que te ayude; she could never get him to understand no podría hacérselo entender; you'll never get them to agree to that no vas a lograr que acepten eso; I can't get it to work — no puedo hacerlo funcionar

17) ( cause to start)

to get somebody/something -ing: it's the sort of record that gets everybody dancing es el tipo de disco que hace bailar a todo el mundo or que hace que todo el mundo baile; can you get the pump working? — ¿puedes hacer funcionar la bomba?

2.

get vi

1) ( reach) (+ adv compl) llegar*

I got here yesterday — llegué ayer

can you get there by train? — ¿se puede ir en tren?

how do you get to work? — ¿cómo vas al trabajo?

can anyone remember where we'd got to? — ¿alguien se acuerda de dónde habíamos quedado?

to get nowhere, not to get anywhere — see nowhere I 1), anywhere I 1) b)

to get somewhere — avanzar*, adelantar

we're finally getting somewhere! — por fin estamos sacando algo en limpio!

to get there: it's not perfect, but we're getting there — perfecto no es, pero poco a poco...

2)

a) ( become)

to get married — casarse

to get dressed — vestirse*

your dinner's getting cold — se te está enfriando la cena

he got very angry — se puso furioso

they get tired easily — se cansan con facilidad

b) (be) (colloq)

she gets invited to lots of parties — la invitan a muchas fiestas

her bike got stolen — le robaron la bicicleta

3) to get to + inf

a) ( come to) llegar* a + inf

I never really got to know him — nunca llegué a conocerlo de verdad

you'll get to like it eventually — vas a ver como termina por gustarte

b) ( have opportunity to)

in this job you get to meet many interesting people — en este trabajo uno tiene la oportunidad de conocer a mucha gente interesante

when do we get to open the presents? — ¿cuándo podemos abrir los regalos?

4) ( start)

to get -ing — empezar* a + inf, ponerse* a + inf

right, let's get moving! — bueno, pongámonos en acción (or en marcha etc)!

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- get about

- get above

- get across

- get ahead

- get along

- get around

- get around to

- get at

- get away

- get away with

- get back

- get back at

- get back to

- get behind

- get by

- get down

- get down to

- get in

- get in on

- get into

- get in with

- get off

- get off on

- get off with

- get on

- get on for

- get onto

- get out

- get out of

- get over

- get past

- get round

- get through

- get to

- get together

- get up

- get up to

[ɡet] (pt, pp got) (US) (pp gotten) When get is part of a set combination, eg get the sack, get hold of, get sth right, look up the other word.
1. TRANSITIVE VERB

1) (=obtain) [+ information, money, visa, divorce] conseguir; [+ benefit] sacar, obtener

I'll get the money somehow — conseguiré el dinero de alguna forma

he had trouble getting a hotel room — tuvo dificultades para conseguir una habitación de hotel

that's what got him the rise — eso fue lo que le consiguió el aumento

• he got it for me — él me lo consiguió

• you need to get permission off or from the owner — tienes que conseguir el permiso del dueño

I got the idea off ** or from a TV programme — saqué la idea de un programa de televisión

he gets all his clothes off ** or from his elder brother — hereda toda la ropa de su hermano mayor

where did you get that idea from? — ¿de dónde sacaste esa idea?

• we shan't get anything out of him — no lograremos sacarle nada

you won't get any money out of me — no vas a sacarme dinero

what are you going to get out of it? — ¿qué vas a sacar de or ganar con ello?

a good coach knows how to get the best out of his players — un buen entrenador sabe cómo sacar lo mejor de sus jugadores

she gets a lot of pleasure out of gardening — disfruta mucho con la jardinería

you may get some fun out of it — puede que te resulte divertido

2) (=have) tener

I go whenever I get the chance — voy siempre que tengo ocasión

to get something to eat — comer algo

3) (=receive)

a) [+ letter, phone call] recibir; [+ wage] ganar, cobrar; [+ TV station, radio station] coger, captar

she gets a good salary — gana or cobra un buen sueldo

not everyone gets a pension — no todo el mundo cobra una pensión

I got lots of presents — me hicieron muchos regalos

I think he got the wrong impression — creo que se ha llevado una impresión equivocada

• how much did you get for it? — ¿cuánto te dieron por él?

he got 15 years for murder — le condenaron a 15 años por asesinato

• he gets his red hair from his mother — el pelo rojizo lo ha heredado de su madre

I didn't get much from the film — la película no me dijo gran cosa

I don't get much from his lectures — saco poco provecho de sus clases
neck 1., 1)
b)
Some get + noun combinations are translated using a more specific Spanish verb. If in doubt, look up the noun.
• I never got an answer — no me contestaron, no recibí nunca una respuesta

• they get lunch at school — les dan de comer en el colegio

• this area doesn't get much rain — en esta área no llueve mucho

• I got a shock/ surprise — me llevé un susto/una sorpresa

• this room gets a lot of sun — a esta habitación le da mucho el sol
fine II, 1., sentence 1., 2)
4) (=buy) comprar

I went out to get some milk — salí a comprar leche

where did you get those shoes? — ¿dónde te has comprado esos zapatos?

• I got it cheap in a sale — lo conseguí barato en unas rebajas

5) (=fetch) [+ glasses, book] ir a buscar, traer; [+ person] ir a buscar, ir a por; (=pick up) [+ goods, person] recoger

would you mind getting my glasses? — ¿te importaría ir a buscarme or traerme las gafas?

can you get my coat from the cleaner's? — ¿puedes recogerme el abrigo de la tintorería?

I'll get some lettuce from the garden — voy a coger un poco de lechuga del jardín

quick, get help! — ¡rápido, ve a buscar ayuda!

to get sth for sb, to get sb sth — ir a buscar algo a algn, traer algo a algn

could you get me the scissors please? — ¿puedes ir a buscarme or me puedes traer las tijeras, por favor?

can I get you a drink? — ¿te apetece beber or tomar algo?, ¿quieres beber or tomar algo?

• to go/ come and get sth/sb, I'll go and get it for you — voy a buscártelo, voy a traértelo

go and get Jane will you? — vete a buscar a Jane, ve a por Jane

phone me when you arrive and I'll come and get you — cuando llegues llama por teléfono y te iré a buscar or recoger

6) (=call) [+ doctor, plumber] llamar

please get the doctor — por favor llame al médico

7) (=answer) [+ phone] contestar

can you get the phone? — ¿puedes contestar el teléfono?

I'll get it! — (telephone) ¡yo contesto!; (door) ¡ya voy yo!

8) (=gain, win) [+ prize] ganar, llevarse, conseguir; [+ goal] marcar; [+ reputation] ganarse

she got first prize — ganó or se llevó or consiguió el primer premio

correct, you get 5 points — correcto, gana or consigue 5 puntos

he's in it for what he can get — lo único que quiere es sacarle provecho

Jackie got good exam results — Jackie sacó buenas notas en los exámenes

he got a pass/an A in French — sacó un aprobado/un sobresaliente en francés

I have to get my degree first — antes tengo que acabar la carrera or conseguir mi diplomatura

9) (=find) [+ job, flat] encontrar, conseguir

he got me a job — me encontró or consiguió un trabajo

you get all sorts in this job — te encuentras con todo tipo de gente en este trabajo

you don't get bears in this country — en este país no hay osos

10) (=catch) [+ ball, disease, person] coger, agarrar (LAm); [+ thief] coger, atrapar (LAm); [+ bus] coger, tomar (LAm); [+ fish] pescar

I'm getting the bus into town — voy a coger el autobús al centro

got you! * — ¡te pillé! *, ¡te cacé! *, ¡te agarré! (LAm)

got you at last! — ¡por fin te he pillado or cazado! *

• I've been trying to get him alone — he estado intentando verle a solas

• to get sb by the throat/arm — agarrar or coger a algn de la garganta/del brazo

• I didn't get the details — no oí los detalles

• sorry, I didn't get your name — perdone, ¿cómo dice que se llama?, perdone, no me he enterado de su nombre

• did you get his (registration) number? — ¿viste el número de matrícula?

• you've got me there! * — ahí sí que me has pillado *

to get it from sb —

he really got it from the teacher * — el profesor le echó un rapapolvo *
bad 3., religion
11) (=reach, put through to)

get me Mr Jones, please — (Telec) póngame or (esp LAm) comuníqueme con el Sr. Jones, por favor

• you'll get him at home if you phone this evening — si le llamas esta tarde lo pillarás * or encontrarás en casa

• you can get me on this number — puedes contactar conmigo en este número

• I've been trying to get you all week — he estado intentando hablar contigo toda la semana

12) * (=attack, take revenge on)

I feel like everyone is out to get me — siento que todo el mundo va contra mí

I'll get you for that! — ¡esto me lo vas a pagar!

they're out to get him — van a cargárselo *

13) (=hit) [+ target] dar en

the bullet got him in the leg — la bala le dio en la pierna

it got him on the head — le dio en la cabeza

14) (=finish)

the drink will get him in the end — la bebida acabará con él al final

15) (=take, bring)

• how can we get it home? — (speaker not at home) ¿cómo podemos llevarlo a casa?; (speaker at home) ¿cómo podemos traerlo a casa?

• I tried to get the blood off my shirt — intenté quitar la sangre de mi camisa

get the knife off him! — ¡quítale ese cuchillo!

• I couldn't get the stain out of the tablecloth — no podía limpiar la mancha del mantel

• to get sth past customs — conseguir pasar algo por la aduana

• we'll get you there somehow — le llevaremos de una u otra manera

• we can't get it through the door — no lo podemos pasar por la puerta

• to get sth to sb — hacer llegar algo a algn

to get the children to bed — meter a los niños en la cama

• where will that get us? — ¿de qué nos sirve eso?

- that will get you/him nowhere

16) (=prepare) [+ meal] preparar, hacer

to get breakfast — preparar or hacer el desayuno

17) with adjective
This construction is often translated using a specific Spanish verb. Look up the relevant adjective.
• he got his leg broken — se rompió la pierna

• to get one's hands dirty — ensuciarse las manos

• to get sb drunk — emborrachar a algn

• to get one's feet wet — mojarse los pies

• you're getting me worried — estás haciendo que me preocupe

18) with infinitive/present participle

to get sb to do sth — (=persuade) conseguir que algn haga algo, persuadir a algn a hacer algo; (=tell) decir a algn que haga algo

we eventually got her to change her mind — por fin conseguimos que cambiase de idea, por fin le persuadimos a cambiar de idea

I'll get him to ring you — le diré que te llame

can you get someone to photocopy these — puedes decirle or mandarle a alguien que me haga una fotocopia de estos

I can't get the door to open — no puedo abrir la puerta, no logro que se abra la puerta

I couldn't get the washing machine to work — no pude or no logré poner la lavadora en marcha

I couldn't get the car going or to go — no pude poner el coche en marcha, no pude arrancar el coche

to get a fire going — conseguir encender un fuego

to get a conversation going — conseguir iniciar una conversación

19) ("get sth done" construction)

a) (=do oneself)

• you'll get yourself arrested looking like that — vas a acabar en la cárcel con esas pintas

• to get the washing/dishes done — lavar la ropa/fregar los platos

we got no work done that day — no hicimos nada de trabajo ese día

• when do you think you'll get it finished? — ¿cuándo crees que lo vas a acabar?

• you'll get yourself killed driving like that — te vas a matar si conduces de esa forma

b) (=get someone to do)

• to get one's hair cut — cortarse el pelo, hacerse cortar el pelo

• he knows how to get things done — sabe organizar muy bien a la gente

• to get sth fixed — arreglar or reparar algo

I've got to get my car fixed this week — tengo que arreglar or reparar el coche esta semana, tengo que llevar el coche a arreglar or reparar esta semana

I should get my teeth fixed — tendría que arreglarme los dientes

• we're going to get central heating put in — vamos a poner or instalar calefacción central

• I must get my car serviced — tengo que llevar el coche a una revisión

20) * (=understand) entender

I don't get you — no te entiendo

(do you) get it? — ¿entiendes?; [+ joke] ¿lo coges?, ¿ya caes? *

I've got it! — [+ joke] ¡ya caigo!, ¡ya lo entiendo!; [+ solution] ¡ya tengo la solución!, ¡ya he dado con la solución!, ¡ya lo tengo!
point 1., 7), wrong
21) * (=annoy) molestar, fastidiar

what gets me is the way he always assumes he's right — lo que me molesta or fastidia es que siempre da por hecho que tiene razón

what really gets me is his total indifference — lo que me molesta or fastidia es su total indiferencia

22) * (=thrill) chiflar *

this tune really gets me — esta melodía me chifla *, esta melodía me apasiona

23)

• to have got sth — (Brit) (=have) tener algo

what have you got there? — ¿qué tienes ahí?

I've got toothache — tengo dolor de muelas

2. INTRANSITIVE VERB

1) (=reach, go) llegar

how do you get there? — ¿como se llega?

he got there late — llegó tarde

how did you get here? — ¿cómo viniste or llegaste?

how did that box get here? — ¿cómo ha venido a parar esta caja aquí?

• I've got as far as page 10 — he llegado hasta la página 10

• he won't get far — no llegará lejos

• to get from A to B — ir de A a B, trasladarse de A a B

• to get home — llegar a casa

• to get to — llegar a

how do you get to the cinema? — ¿cómo se llega al cine?

I'll make sure it gets to you by tomorrow — me aseguraré de que te llegue mañana

where did you get to? — (=where were you?) ¿dónde estabas?, ¿dónde te habías metido?

where can he have got to? — ¿dónde se puede haber metido?

it's a place that's difficult to get to — es un lugar de difícil acceso

not to get anywhere —

you won't get anywhere with him — no conseguirás nada con él

you won't get anywhere if you behave like that — no vas a conseguir nada comportándote así

to get nowhere —

we're getting absolutely nowhere, we're getting nowhere fast — no estamos llegando a ningún sitio

to get somewhere —

now we're getting somewhere — ahora empezamos a hacer progresos

to get there —

"how's your thesis going?" - "I'm getting there" — -¿qué tal va tu tesis? -va avanzando

- get to sb

don't let it get to you * — (=affect) no dejes que te afecte; (=annoy) no te molestes por eso

the whisky has got to him * — el whisky le ha afectado
lane 1., 3)
2) (=become, be) ponerse, volverse, hacerse
As expressions with get + adjective, such as get old, get drunk etc, are often translated by a specific verb, look up the adjective.
• it's getting late — se está haciendo tarde

• how did it get like that? — ¿cómo se ha puesto así?

how do people get like that? — ¿cómo puede la gente volverse así?

• this is getting ridiculous — esto roza los límites de lo ridículo

• how stupid can you get? — ¿hasta qué punto llega tu estupidez?, ¿cómo puedes ser tan estúpido?

• to get used to sth — acostumbrarse a algo

- get with it

you'd better get with it or we'll lose this contract * — espabílate o perderemos este contrato

See:

BECOME, GO, GET in become

3) with past participle

a) (=be)

• he often gets asked for his autograph — a menudo le piden autógrafos

• we got beaten 3-2 — perdimos 3 a 2

• several windows got broken — se rompieron varias ventanas

• to get killed — morir, matarse

I saw her the night she got killed — (accidentally) la vi la noche que murió or se mató; (=murdered) la vi la noche que la asesinaron

do you want to get killed! — ¡¿es que quieres matarte?!

• to get paid — cobrar

• he got run over as he was coming out of his house — lo atropellaron al salir de casa

b) (reflexive action)

• to get shaved — afeitarse

• to get washed — lavarse

4) (=begin) with gerund empezar a + infin, ponerse a + infin

• let's get going — vamos a ponernos en marcha

get going! — ¡muévete!, ¡a menearse!

once she gets going on that subject she never stops — una vez que empieza con ese tema no para

after midnight the party really got going — después de medianoche la fiesta empezó a animarse

• let's get moving — vamos a ponernos en marcha

• we got talking — empezamos a hablar or charlar

• I got to thinking that... * — me di cuenta de que..., empecé a pensar que...

5) (=come)
with infinitive
to get to do sth — llegar a hacer algo

• he eventually got to be prime minister — al final llegó a ser primer ministro

I got to be quite good at it — llegué a hacerlo bastante bien

• when do we get to eat? — ¿cuándo comemos?

• to get to know sb — llegar a conocer a algn

• he got to like her despite her faults — le llegó a gustar a pesar de sus defectos

• so when do I get to meet this friend of yours? — ¿cuándo me vas a presentar a este amigo tuyo?

• I never get to drive the car — nunca tengo oportunidad de conducir el coche

• to get to see sth/sb — lograr ver algo/a algn

6) * (=go)

get! — ¡lárgate! *

7)

to have got to do sth — (expressing obligation) tener que hacer algo

you've got to tell the police — tienes que denunciarlo a la policía

why have I got to? — ¿por qué tengo que hacerlo?

- get about

- get above

- get across

- get after

- get ahead

- get along

- get around

- get at

- get away

- get away with

- get back

- get back at

- get behind

- get by

- get down

- get down to

- get in

- get in on

- get into

- get in with

- get off

- get off on

- get off with

- get on

- get on at

- get on to

- get out

- get out of

- get over

- get round

- get through

- get together

- get under

- get up

- get up to

* * *
[get]
1.

1) (pres p getting; past got; past p got or AmE also gotten) transitive verb

Sense I

2)

a) ( obtain) \<\<money/information\>\> conseguir*, obtener*; \<\<job/staff\>\> conseguir*; \<\<authorization/loan\>\> conseguir*, obtener*; \<\<idea\>\> sacar*

where did you get that beautiful rug? — ¿dónde conseguiste or encontraste esa alfombra tan preciosa?

these pears are as good as you'll get, I'm afraid — estas peras son de lo mejorcito que hay (fam)

the public can't get enough of her — el público no se cansa de ella

to get something from somebody/something: we get our information from official sources sacamos la información de fuentes oficiales; you can get any information from my secretary — mi secretaria le podrá dar toda la información que necesite

b) ( buy) comprar

to get something from somebody/something: I get my bread from the local baker le compro el pan al panadero del barrio; I got it from Harrods lo compré en Harrods; we get them from Italy — ( they supply our business) los traen de Italia

c) (achieve, win) \<\<prize/grade\>\> sacar*, obtener* (frml); \<\<majority\>\> obtener* (frml), conseguir*

he gets results — consigue or logra lo que se propone

d) ( by calculation)

divide 27 by 3 and you get 9 — si divides 27 por 3 te dará 9

got it! — ya sé!

e) ( on the telephone) \<\<person\>\> lograr comunicarse con

I got the wrong number — me equivoqué de número; ( having dialled correctly) me salió un número equivocado

3)

a) ( receive) \<\<letter/reward/reprimand\>\> recibir

I got a stereo for my birthday — me regalaron un estéreo para mi cumpleaños

do I get a kiss, then? — ¿entonces me das un beso?

he got 12 years for armed robbery — lo condenaron a or (fam) le cayeron 12 años por robo a mano armada

to get something from somebody: all I ever get from you is criticism lo único que haces es criticarme; she got a warm reception from the audience el público le dio una cálida bienvenida; I do all the work and she gets all the credit yo hago todo el trabajo y ella se lleva la fama; I seldom get the chance rara vez se me presenta la oportunidad; the kitchen doesn't get much sun — en la cocina no da mucho el sol

b) (Rad, TV) \<\<station\>\> captar, recibir, coger* (esp Esp fam), agarrar (CS fam)

c) ( be paid) \<\<salary/pay\>\> ganar

I got £200 for the piano — me dieron 200 libras por el piano

d) ( experience) \<\<shock/surprise\>\> llevarse

I get the feeling that... — tengo or me da la sensación de que...

e) ( suffer)

how did you get that bump on your head? — ¿cómo te hiciste ese chichón en la cabeza?

she got a splinter in her finger — se clavó una astilla en el dedo

he got the full force of the blast — recibió todo el impacto de la explosión

4) (find, have) (colloq)

you don't get elephants in America — en América no hay elefantes

we get mainly students in here — nuestros clientes (or visitantes etc) son mayormente estudiantes

5) ( fetch) \<\<hammer/scissors\>\> traer*, ir* a buscar; \<\<doctor/plumber\>\> llamar

get your coat — anda or vete a buscar tu abrigo

she got herself a cup of coffee — se sirvió (or se hizo etc) una taza de café

6)

a) ( reach) alcanzar*

b) ( take hold of) agarrar, coger* (esp Esp)

c) (catch, trap) pillar (fam), agarrar (AmL), coger* (esp Esp)

d) (assault, kill) (colloq)

I'll get you yet! — ya me las vas a pagar! (fam)

the sharks must have got him — se lo deben de haber comido los tiburones (fam)

7) ( contract) \<\<cold/flu\>\> agarrar, pescar* (fam), pillar (fam), coger* (esp Esp)

she got chickenpox from her sister — la hermana le contagió or (fam) le pegó la varicela

8) ( catch) \<\<bus/train\>\> tomar, coger* (Esp)

9) (colloq)

a) ( irritate) fastidiar

b) ( arouse pity)

it gets you right there — (set phrase) te conmueve, te da mucha lástima

c) ( puzzle)

what gets me is how... — lo que no entiendo es cómo...

10)

a) ( understand) (colloq) entender*

don't get me wrong — no me malentiendas or malinterpretes

get it? — ¿entiendes?, ¿agarras or (Esp) coges la onda? (fam)

b) (hear, take note of) oír*

I didn't get your name — no entendí tu nombre

did you get the number? — ¿tomaste nota del número?

11) ( answer) (colloq) \<\<phone\>\> contestar, atender*, coger* (Esp); \<\<door\>\> abrir*

12) ( possess)

to have got — see have

Sense II

13) (bring, move, put) (+ adv compl)

we'll get it there by two o'clock — lo tendremos allí antes de las dos

just wait till I get you home! — ya vas a ver cuando lleguemos a casa!

they couldn't get it up the stairs — no lo pudieron subir por las escaleras; see also get across, get in

14) ( cause to be) (+ adj compl)

he got the children ready — preparó a los niños

I can't get the window open/shut — no puedo abrir/cerrar la ventana

they got their feet wet/dirty — se mojaron/se ensuciaron los pies

15) to get somebody/something + pp

a) ( with action carried out by subject)

we must get some work done — tenemos que trabajar un poco

it's about time they got themselves organized — ya va siendo hora de que se organicen

b) ( with action carried out by somebody else)

he got the house painted — hizo pintar la casa

I must get this watch fixed — tengo que llevar a or (AmL tb) mandar (a) arreglar este reloj

16) (arrange, persuade, force)

to get somebody/something to + inf: I'll get him to help you ( order) le diré que te ayude; ( ask) le pediré que te ayude; ( persuade) lo convenceré de que te ayude; she could never get him to understand no podría hacérselo entender; you'll never get them to agree to that no vas a lograr que acepten eso; I can't get it to work — no puedo hacerlo funcionar

17) ( cause to start)

to get somebody/something -ing: it's the sort of record that gets everybody dancing es el tipo de disco que hace bailar a todo el mundo or que hace que todo el mundo baile; can you get the pump working? — ¿puedes hacer funcionar la bomba?

2.

get vi

1) ( reach) (+ adv compl) llegar*

I got here yesterday — llegué ayer

can you get there by train? — ¿se puede ir en tren?

how do you get to work? — ¿cómo vas al trabajo?

can anyone remember where we'd got to? — ¿alguien se acuerda de dónde habíamos quedado?

to get nowhere, not to get anywhere — see nowhere I 1), anywhere I 1) b)

to get somewhere — avanzar*, adelantar

we're finally getting somewhere! — por fin estamos sacando algo en limpio!

to get there: it's not perfect, but we're getting there — perfecto no es, pero poco a poco...

2)

a) ( become)

to get married — casarse

to get dressed — vestirse*

your dinner's getting cold — se te está enfriando la cena

he got very angry — se puso furioso

they get tired easily — se cansan con facilidad

b) (be) (colloq)

she gets invited to lots of parties — la invitan a muchas fiestas

her bike got stolen — le robaron la bicicleta

3) to get to + inf

a) ( come to) llegar* a + inf

I never really got to know him — nunca llegué a conocerlo de verdad

you'll get to like it eventually — vas a ver como termina por gustarte

b) ( have opportunity to)

in this job you get to meet many interesting people — en este trabajo uno tiene la oportunidad de conocer a mucha gente interesante

when do we get to open the presents? — ¿cuándo podemos abrir los regalos?

4) ( start)

to get -ing — empezar* a + inf, ponerse* a + inf

right, let's get moving! — bueno, pongámonos en acción (or en marcha etc)!

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- get about

- get above

- get across

- get ahead

- get along

- get around

- get around to

- get at

- get away

- get away with

- get back

- get back at

- get back to

- get behind

- get by

- get down

- get down to

- get in

- get in on

- get into

- get in with

- get off

- get off on

- get off with

- get on

- get on for

- get onto

- get out

- get out of

- get over

- get past

- get round

- get through

- get to

- get together

- get up

- get up to

English-spanish dictionary > get
12 adduco

ad-dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. (adduce for adduc, Plaut. Poen. 1, 3, 15; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 29; Afr. ap. Non. 174, 32:
adduxti for adduxisti,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 15; id. Eun. 4, 7, 24:
adduxe = adduxisse,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 3), to lead to, to bring or convey to, draw to any place or to one's self (opp. abduco, q. v.; syn.: adfero, apporto, adveho, induco).
I.
Lit.:
quaeso, quī possim animum bonum habere, qui te ad me adducam domum,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 78:
ille alter venit, quem secum adduxit Parmenio,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 27; Afr. ap. Non. 174, 32: quos secum Mitylenis Cratippus adduxit, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 5:
Demetrius Epimachum secum adduxit,
Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With ad:
ad lenam,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 65; cf. id. Mil. 3, 1, 193: ad cenam, Lucil. ap. Non. 159, 25 (cf.:
abduxi ad cenam,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2 [p. 32] 9):
adduxit ea ad Adam,
Vulg. Gen. 2, 19; ib. Marc. 14, 53.—Or with a local adv.:
tu istos adduce intro,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 54:
quia te adducturam huc dixeras eumpse non eampse,
id. Truc. 1, 2, 31; so Ter. And. 5, 3, 29:
adduc huc filium tuum,
Vulg. Luc. 9, 41. —
2.
In gen., without regard to the access. idea of accompanying, to lead or bring a person or thing to a place, to take or conduct from one place to another (of living beings which have the power of motion, while affero is properly used of things: attuli hunc. Pseud. Quid? attulisti? Ca. Adduxi volui dicere, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 21).—So of conducting an army:
exercitum,
Cic. Att. 7, 9:
aquam,
to lead to, id. Cael. 14.—With in:
gentes feras in Italiam,
Cic. Att. 8, 11, 2; cf. Oud. ad Caes. B. G. 4, 22, and Auct. B. G. 8, 35:
in judicium adductus,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28:
adducta res in judicium est,
id. Off. 3, 16, 67; so id. Clu. 17.—With dat.:
puero nutricem adducit,
Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 4:
qui ex Gallia pueros venales isti adducebat,
Cic. Quint. 6.— Poet. with acc.:
Diae telluris ad oras applicor et dextris adducor litora remis,
Ov. M. 3, 598 (cf. advertor oras Scythicas, id. ib. 5, 649, and Rudd. II. p. 327):
adducere ad populum, i. e. in judicium populi vocare,
Cic. Agr. 2, 6.—Of a courtesan, to procure:
puero scorta,
Nep. Dion, 5:
paelicem,
Ov. Fast. 3, 483.— Poet. also of a place, which is, as it were, brought near. Thus Hor. in describing the attractions of his Sabine farm: dicas adductum propius frondere Tarentum, Ep. 1, 16, 11.—
B.
Esp.
1.
To bring a thing to a destined place by drawing or pulling, to draw or pull to one's self:
tormenta eo graviores emissiones habent, quo sunt contenta atque adducta vehementius,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 24:
adducto arcu,
Verg. A. 5, 507; so,
adducta sagitta,
id. ib. 9, 632:
utque volat moles, adducto concita nervo,
Ov. M. 8, 357:
adducta funibus arbor corruit,
id. ib. 775:
funem,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14: so Luc. 3, 700:
colla parvis lacertis,
Ov. M. 6, 625:
equos,
id. Fast. 6, 586.—Hence trop.:
habenas amicitiae,
to tighten, Cic. Lael. 13, 45; cf. Verg. A. 9, 632, and 1, 63.—
2.
Of the skin or a part of the body, to draw up, wrinkle, contract:
adducit cutem macies,
wrinkles the skin, Ov. M. 3, 397:
sitis miseros adduxerat artus,
Verg. G. 3, 483; so, frontem (opp. remittere), to contract:
interrogavit, quae causa frontis tam adductae?
a brow so clouded? Quint. 10, 3, 13; so Sen. Benef. 1, 1.
II.
Fig.
A.
To bring a person or thing into a certain condition; with ad or in:
numquam animum quaesti gratiā ad malas adducam partīs,
Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 38:
rem adduci ad interregnum,
Cic. Att. 7, 9:
ad arbitrium alterius,
id. Fam. 5, 20:
ad suam auctoritatem,
id. Deiot. 10, 29:
numquam prius discessit, quam ad finem sermo esset adductus,
Nep. Ep. 3:
iambos ad umbilicum adducere,
Hor. Epod. 14, 8:
in discrimen extremum,
Cic. Phil. 6, 7; cf. Liv. 45, 8:
in summas angustias,
Cic. Quint. 5:
in invidiam falso crimine,
id. Off. 3, 20:
in necessitatem,
Liv. 8, 7:
vitam in extremum,
Tac. A. 14, 61.—
B.
To bring or lead one to a certain act, feeling, or opinion; to prompt, induce, prevail upon, persuade, move, incite to it; with ad, in, or ut (very freq. and class., and for the most part in a good sense; while seducere and inducere denote instigating or seducing to something bad, Herz. Caes. B. G. 1, 3;
although there are exceptions, as the foll. examples show): ad misericordiam,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 42:
ad nequitiem,
id. Ad. 3, 3, 4:
ad iracundiam, ad fletum,
Cic. Brut. 93, 322:
quae causa ad facinus adduxit,
id. Rosc. Am. 31:
in metum,
id. Mur. 24:
in summam exspectationem,
id. Tusc. 1, 17:
in spem,
id. Att. 2, 22:
in opinionem,
id. Fam. 1, 1:
in suspicionem alicui,
Nep. Hann. 7:
ad paenitentiam,
Vulg. Rom. 2, 4; ib. 10, 19.—With gerund:
ad suspicandum,
Cic. Pr. Cons. 16:
ad credendum,
Nep. Con. 3.—With ut:
adductus sum officio, fide, misericordia, etc., ut onus hoc laboris mihi suscipiendum putarem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 2:
nullo imbre, nullo frigore adduci, ut capite operto sit,
id. de Sen. 10: id. Cat. 1, 2; id. Fam. 3, 9; 6, 10, etc.; Caes. B. G. 6, 12; Liv. 4, 49 al.—And absol. in pass.:
quibus rebus adductus ad causam accesserim demonstravi,
Cic. Verr. 1, 3:
his rebus adducti,
being induced, Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 6, 10.—With quin:
adduci nequeo quin existimem,
Suet. Tib. 21.—With inf.: facilius adducor ferre humana humanitus, Afr. ap. Non. 514, 20.—
C.
Adducor with inf., or with ut and subj. = adducor ad credendum, peithomai, to be induced to believe:
ego non adducor, quemquam bonum ullam salutem putare mihi tanti fuisse,
Cic. Att. 11, 16:
ut jam videar adduci, hanc quoque, quae te procrearit, esse patriam,
id. Leg. 2, 3:
illud adduci vix possum, ut... videantur,
id. Fin. 1, 5, 14; id. ib. 4, 20, 55; Lucr. 5, 1341.—Hence, adductus, a, um, P. a.
A.
Drawn tight, stretched, strained, contracted. — Trop.:
vultus,
Suet. Tib. 68:
frons in supercilia adductior,
Capitol. Ver. 10; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 16.—Hence,
B.
Of place, narrow, contracted, strait:
(Africa) ex spatio paulatim adductior,
Mel. 1, 4.—
C.
Of character, strict, serious, severe:
modo familiaritate juvenili Nero et rursus adductus, quasi seria consociaret,
Tac. A. 14, 4:
adductum et quasi virile servitium,
id. ib. 12, 7:
vis pressior et adductior,
Plin. Ep. 1, 16.— Sup. not used.— Adv. only in comp. adductĭus,
1.
More tightly:
adductius contorquere jacula,
Aus. Grat. Act. 27.—
2.
Trop., more strictly:
imperitare,
Tac. H. 3, 7:
regnari,
id. Germ. 43.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adduco
13 Gratia

grātĭa, ae, f. [gratus; lit., favor, both that in which one stands with others and that which one shows to others].
I.
(Acc. to gratus, I.) Favor which one finds with others, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship (syn. favor):
pluris pauciorum gratiam faciunt pars hominum quam id quod prosint pluribus,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 12:
perspicio nihili meam vos facere gratiam,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 68:
ut majores ejus (Plancii) summum in praefectura florentissima gradum tenuerint et dignitatis et gratiae,
Cic. Planc. 13, 32; cf.:
Sex. Roscius gratia atque hospitiis florens hominum nobilissimorum,
id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15:
deinde si maxime talis est deus, ut nulla gratia, nulla hominum caritate teneatur, etc.,
id. N. D. 1, 44, 124:
neque quo Cn. Pompeii gratiam mihi per hanc causam conciliari putem,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70; cf.:
aliquem restituere in gratiam,
id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23:
aliquem restituere in ejus veterem gratiam,
id. Att. 1, 3, 3:
in gratiam reducere,
id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; cf.
also: cum aliquo in gratiam redire,
to reconcile one's self with one, id. Att. 1, 14, 7; Nep. Alcib. 5, 1; id. Thras. 3 fin.; id. Dat. 8, 5 al.:
alicujus gratiam sequi,
Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3; cf.:
si suam gratiam Romani velint, posse eis utiles esse amicos,
id. B. G. 4, 7, 4:
ab aliquo inire gratiam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 113:
a bonis omnibus summam inire gratiam,
id. Att. 7, 9, 3:
magnam inire gratiam,
id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:
quantam eo facto ad plebem inierat gratiam,
Liv. 33, 46, 7:
apud regem gratiam initam volebant,
id. 36, 5, 3:
at te apud eum, dii boni, quanta in gratia posui!
Cic. Att. 6, 6, 4; cf. id. ib. 5, 11, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6 fin.;
with a different construction: apud Lentulum ponam te in gratiam (Ern. conj. in gratia),
Cic. Att. 5, 3, 3:
cum aliquo in laude et in gratia esse,
id. Verr. 1, 17, 51; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:
inter vos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17 Ruhnk.:
plerique (in divortio) cum bona gratia discedunt,
Dig. 24, 1, 32, § 10;
without bona: cum istuc quod postulo impetro cum gratia,
with a good grace, Ter. And. 2, 5, 11:
omnia quae potui in hac summa tua gratia ac potentia a te impetrare,
credit, influence, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 5; cf.:
Iccius Remus, summa nobilitate et gratia inter suos,
Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 4; 1, 43, 8:
gratiā plurimum posse,
id. ib. 1, 9, 3; 1, 20, 2; cf.:
quantum gratia, auctoritate, pecunia valent,
id. ib. 7, 63, 1:
gratiā valere,
id. B. C. 2, 44, 1:
inproba quamvis Gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit urna,
Juv. 13, 4:
quem triumphum magis gratiae quam rerum gestarum magnitudini datum constabat,
Liv. 40, 59, 1.—In plur.:
L. Murenae provincia multas bonas gratias cum optima existimatione attulit,
tokens of favor, Cic. Mur. 20, 42:
cum haec res plurimas gratias, firmissimas amicitias pariat,
id. ib. 11, 24:
non hominum potentium studio, non excellentibus gratiis paucorum, sed universi populi Romani judicio consulem factum,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 7.—
B.
Transf., objectively, like the Gr. charis, agreeableness, pleasantness, charm, beauty, loveliness, grace (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose;
esp. freq. in Quint.): gratia formae,
Ov. M. 7, 44; Suet. Tit. 3:
corporis,
id. Vit. 3; id. Vit. Ter. 1; Plin. 28, 19, 79, § 260:
quid ille gratiae in vultu ostenderit,
Quint. 6 prooem. § 7; cf. id. 6, 3, 26:
unica nec desit jocundis gratia verbis,
charm, Prop. 1, 2, 29; cf.: neque abest facundis gratia dictis, Ov. M. 13, 127:
plenus est jucunditatis et gratiae (Horatius),
Quint. 10, 1, 96:
sermonis Attici,
id. ib. 65;
12, 10, 35: dicendi,
id. 9, 3, 74:
brevitatis novitatisque,
id. ib. 58:
omnis bene scriptorum,
id. 11, 2, 46 et saep.; Cels. 4, 29 med.:
uvis et vinis gratiam affert fumus fabrilis,
Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 16; id. 17, 9, 6, § 53. —Hence,
2.
As a nom. propr.: Grātiae, ārum, f., a transl. of the Gr. Charites, the goddesses of favor, loveliness, grace, etc., the three Graces, Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia, daughters of Jupiter and Eurynome, Sen. Ben. 1, 3, 3; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 720; Hor. C. 1, 4, 6; 1, 30, 6; 3, 19, 16; 3, 21, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 82.—In sing.: Grātia, ae, collect., Ov. M. 6, 429.
II.
Favor which one shows to another, mark of favor, kindness, courtesy, service, obligation.
A.
In gen. (rare): ita mihi Telamonis patris, avi Aeaci et proavi Jovis grata est gratia, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 23 (Trag. v. 367 Vahl.):
ergo ab eo petito gratiam istam,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 63; cf.:
gratiam a patre si petimus, spero ab eo impetrassere,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 23:
petivit in beneficii loco et gratiae, ut, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82, § 189; cf.:
quod beneficii gratiaeque causa concessit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 48 fin.:
hanc gratiam ut sibi des,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 30:
juris jurandi volo gratiam facias,
excuse, release, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 59; cf.:
alicui delicti gratiam facere,
to grant pardon, forgive, Sall. J. 104 fin. Kritz.:
qui mihi atque animo meo nullius umquam delicti gratiam fecissem,
id. Cat. 52, 8; cf.
also: quibus senatus belli Lepidani gratiam fecerat,
id. Fragm. 3, 34 Gerl.:
alii ipsi professi se pugnaturos in gratiam ducis,
to please, for the sake of, Liv. 28, 21, 4; cf.:
deletam urbem cernimus eorum, quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal,
id. 28, 39, 12 Drak.:
in gratiam alicujus,
id. 35, 2, 6; 39, 26, 12; Vell. 2, 41, 2; Suet. Tib. 49 al.; cf.
also: data visceratio in praeteritam judicii gratiam,
for the favor shown him on the trial, Liv. 8, 22, 4:
nil ibi majorum respectus, gratia nulla umbrarum,
Juv. 8, 64.—
B.
In partic., a mark of favor shown for a service rendered, thanks (by word or deed), thankfulness, gratitude; acknowledgment, return, requital (the form with agere of returning thanks is the plur., but with habere, referre, debere, nearly always in sing.; but when thanks are due to or rendered by more than one person, the form gratias referre, etc., may be used; v. infra., and cf. Krebs. Antibarb. p. 505):
quae (gratia) in memoria et remuneratione officiorum et honoris et amicitiarum observantiam teneat,
Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66; cf.:
gratia est, in qua amicitiarum et officiorum alterius memoria et remunerandi voluntas continetur,
id. ib. 2, 53, 161:
immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam: nam relaturum me affirmare non possum,
id. Fam. 10, 11, 1; cf.:
renuntiate, gratias regi me agere: referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse, quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37, 8 (v. ago):
dīs gratias agere... si referre studeant gratias,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26 sq.:
L. Lucceius meus, homo omnium gratissimus, mirificas tibi apud me gratias egit, cum diceret, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 1:
eique amplissimis verbis per senatus consultum gratias egimus,
id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:
Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter,
id. Fam. 1, 10:
justissimas gratias agere,
id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:
quamquam gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, etc.,
id. Fam. 10, 19, 1:
nunc tecum sic agam, tulisse ut potius injuriam, quam retulisse gratiam videar,
to have made a return, requital, recompense, id. Sull. 16, 47 fin.:
magno meo beneficio affecti cumulatissime mihi gratiam retulerunt,
id. Fam. 13, 4, 1:
praeclaram vero populo Romano refers gratiam,
id. Cat. 1, 11, 28:
ut pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores eis habeantur gratiaeque referantur,
id. Phil. 3, 15, 39; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 25:
me omnibus, si minus referenda gratia satisfacere potuerim, at praedicanda et habenda certe satis esse facturum,
if I cannot requite... I can extol, id. Balb. 1, 2; cf.: nimirum inops ille, si bonus est vir, etiam si referre gratiam non potest, habere certe potest. Commode autem quicumque dixit, pecuniam qui habeat, non reddidisse; qui reddiderit, non habere: gratiam autem et qui retulerit, habere et qui habeat retulisse, id. Off. 2, 20, 69; id. Planc. 28, 68; cf. id. ib. 42, 101; id. Fam. 5, 11, 1:
gratias habere,
Liv. 24, 37, 7:
alicui summas gratias habere,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33:
alicui maximas infinitasque agere atque habere gratias, quod, etc.,
Vitr. 6 praef. 4:
merito vestro maximas vobis gratias omnes et agere et habere debemus,
Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:
meritam dīs immortalibus gratiam justis honoribus et memori mente persolvere,
id. Planc. 33, 80:
pro beneficio gratiam repetere,
Liv. 1, 47, 7:
gratias ob hoc agere, quod, etc.,
Liv. 54, 50, 4; so with ob, Plin. Ep. 9, 31, 21; Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10, 9:
pro tuo summo beneficio gratias agere,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; Liv. 23, 11, 12; Plin, Pan. 25, 1; cf. Gell. 9, 3, 5:
dum carmine nostro Redditur agricolis gratia caelitibus,
Tib. 2, 1, 36; cf.:
hoc certe justitiae convenit suum cuique reddere, beneficio gratiam, injuriae talionem aut certe malam gratiam,
Sen. Ep. 81 med.;
rarely: in gratiam habere (=ita accipere, ut ad gratiam comparandam valere putet),
to accept as thankworthy, Sall. J. 111, 1:
unum vis curem: curo. Et est dīs gratia, Cum ita, ut volo, est,
I thank, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 58; cf.: Er. Eamus intro, ut prandeamus. Me. Bene vocas: tam gratia est, no, I'm much obliged to you (the negative being omitted, as in the Fr. je vous remercie, and the Germ. ich danke sehr), Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36.—Ellipt.: fores effregit? restituentur;
discidit Vestem? resarcietur: est, dīs gratia, Et unde haec fiant, et adhuc non molesta sunt,
thank Heaven, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf. (anteclass. and post-Aug.):
dīs gratias agebat, tempus sibi dari, etc.,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 6; Tac. H. 4, 64; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 4; id. And. 1, 1, 15.—Hence, as adverbs:
A.
grātĭā (acc. to II. A.), lit., in favor of, on account of, for the sake of; hence, in gen., on account of (usually placed after the gen., in Quint. a few times before it; cf.: causa, ergo).
(α).
With gen.:
sed neque longioribus quam oportet hyperbatis compositioni serviamus, ne quae ejus gratia fecerimus, propter eam fecisse videamur,
lest what we have done to embellish the style we should seem to have done merely on account of the construction we had chosen, Quint. 9, 4, 144:
tantum abest, ut haec bestiarum etiam causa parata sint, ut ipsas bestias hominum gratia generatas esse videamus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.); cf.:
honoris gratia nomino,
Cic. Quint. 7, 28:
nuptiarum gratia haec sunt ficta atque incepta omnia,
Ter. And. 5, 1, 17:
simulabat sese negotii gratia properare,
Sall. J. 76, 1: hominem occisum esse constat;
non praedae gratia: quia inspoliatus est,
Quint. 7, 1, 33; cf.:
hereditatis gratia,
id. 5, 12, 5:
quem censores senatu probri gratia moverant,
Sall. C. 23, 1:
profectus gratia dicere,
Quint. 2, 10, 9:
brevitatis gratia,
id. 4, 2, 43:
decoris gratia,
id. 8, 6, 65:
difficultatis gratia,
id. 9, 2, 77:
aut invidiae gratia... aut miserationis,
id. 9, 2, 8:
praesentis gratia litis,
id. 2, 7, 4 al. —With gerund.: duxit me uxorem liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):
ut aut voluptates omittantur majorum voluptatum adipiscendarum causa, aut dolores suscipiantur majorum dolorum effugiendorum gratia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 43, 2:
tentandi gratia,
Sall. J. 47, 2:
hiemandi gratia,
id. ib. 61, 3:
colloquendi gratia,
id. ib. 61, 4:
placandi gratia,
id. ib. 71, 5:
simulandi gratia,
id. ib. 37, 4:
sui exposcendi gratia,
Nep. Hann. 7, 6:
amplificandi gratia... vel miserandi,
Quint. 9, 3, 28:
elevandae invidiae gratia,
id. 5, 13, 40:
recuperandae dignitatis gratia,
id. 11, 1, 79:
vitandae similitudinis gratia,
id. 9, 1, 11 al. —Ellipt.: ejus generis hae sunt quaestiones. Si, exempli gratia, vir bonus Alexandria Rhodum magnum frumenti numerum advexerit, etc., for example, for instance (for the usual exempli causa; so,
verbi gratia, for verbi causa, infra),
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50; so,
exempli gratia,
Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 110;
for which in full: pauca tamen exempli gratia ponam,
Quint. 6, 5, 6:
eorum unam discordiam ponemus exempli gratia,
Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 213:
propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratia propter voluptatem,
for instance, Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—Placed before the [p. 826] gen.:
gratiā decoris,
Quint. 8 praef. §
18: compositionis,
id. 9, 4, 58:
lenitatis,
id. 9, 4, 144:
significationis,
id. 8, 6, 2.—
(β).
With pron. (mostly ante-class.):
meā gratiā,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 64; id. Ps. 5, 2, 3:
qui nihil ocius venit tamen hac gratia,
id. Stich. 5, 1, 5; cf.:
abire istac gratia,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 138: (Medea) per agros passim dispergit corpus: id eā gratiā, Ut, etc., Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67; so,
eā gratiā,
Ter. And. 3, 4, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 20; id. Hec. 4, 3, 11:
sed huc qua gratia te arcessi jussi, ausculta,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 19; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 79:
id ea gratia eveniebat, quod nemo ex fuga regem sequitur,
Sall. J. 54, 4:
id ea gratia facilius fuit, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 80, 4.—
B.
grā-tĭīs (always as a trisyll. in ante-class. poets; Pompon. Com. Fragm. v. 110 Rib.; Plaut. As. prol. 5; id. Ep. 3, 4, 38; Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Charis. p. 1806; so in Cic. Verr. 2, 4 and 5 Halm), and contr., grātīs (since the class. per.; acc. to II. A.), lit., out of favor or kindness; hence, pregn., without recompense or reward, for nothing, gratuitously, gratis, proika (cf.:
gratuito, nequidquam, frustra): quae (psaltria) quantum potest Aliquo abicienda est, si non pretio, at gratiis,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 46:
si mihi dantur duo talenta argenti numerata in manum, Hanc tibi noctem honoris causa gratiis dono dabo,
id. As. 1, 3, 38 sq.:
quam introduxistis fidicinam, atque etiam fides, Ei quae accessere, tibi addam dono gratiis,
into the bargain, to boot, id. Ep. 3, 4, 38:
quae Romae magna cum infamia pretio accepto edixeras, ea sola te, ne gratis in provincia male audires, ex edicto Siciliensi sustulisse video,
Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 118:
hic primum questus est non leviter Saturius, communem factum esse gratis cum Roscio, qui pretio proprius fuisset Fanni,
id. Rosc. Com. 10, 27:
gratis dare alicui (opp. pretium accipere ab aliquo),
Mart. 14, 175, 2:
id me scis antea gratis tibi esse pollicitum. Quid nunc putas, tanta mihi abs te mercede proposita?
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 7:
gratis rei publicae servire,
id. Clu. 26, 71:
tantum gratis pagina nostra placet,
Mart. 5, 16, 10:
virtutes omnes per se ipsas gratis diligere,
Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 83.—Opp. for payment:
is repente, ut Romam venit, gratis praetor factus est. Alia porro pecunia ne accusaretur data,
Cic. Verr. 1, 39, 101; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 19, §
48: habitent gratis in alieno?
id. Off. 2, 23, 83; so,
habitare in aedibus alienis,
Dig. 39, 5, 9:
habitationem cui dare,
free of cost, ib. 19, 2, 53, § 2; Mart. 10, 3, 11.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Gratia
14 gratia

grātĭa, ae, f. [gratus; lit., favor, both that in which one stands with others and that which one shows to others].
I.
(Acc. to gratus, I.) Favor which one finds with others, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship (syn. favor):
pluris pauciorum gratiam faciunt pars hominum quam id quod prosint pluribus,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 12:
perspicio nihili meam vos facere gratiam,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 68:
ut majores ejus (Plancii) summum in praefectura florentissima gradum tenuerint et dignitatis et gratiae,
Cic. Planc. 13, 32; cf.:
Sex. Roscius gratia atque hospitiis florens hominum nobilissimorum,
id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15:
deinde si maxime talis est deus, ut nulla gratia, nulla hominum caritate teneatur, etc.,
id. N. D. 1, 44, 124:
neque quo Cn. Pompeii gratiam mihi per hanc causam conciliari putem,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70; cf.:
aliquem restituere in gratiam,
id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23:
aliquem restituere in ejus veterem gratiam,
id. Att. 1, 3, 3:
in gratiam reducere,
id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; cf.
also: cum aliquo in gratiam redire,
to reconcile one's self with one, id. Att. 1, 14, 7; Nep. Alcib. 5, 1; id. Thras. 3 fin.; id. Dat. 8, 5 al.:
alicujus gratiam sequi,
Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3; cf.:
si suam gratiam Romani velint, posse eis utiles esse amicos,
id. B. G. 4, 7, 4:
ab aliquo inire gratiam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 113:
a bonis omnibus summam inire gratiam,
id. Att. 7, 9, 3:
magnam inire gratiam,
id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:
quantam eo facto ad plebem inierat gratiam,
Liv. 33, 46, 7:
apud regem gratiam initam volebant,
id. 36, 5, 3:
at te apud eum, dii boni, quanta in gratia posui!
Cic. Att. 6, 6, 4; cf. id. ib. 5, 11, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6 fin.;
with a different construction: apud Lentulum ponam te in gratiam (Ern. conj. in gratia),
Cic. Att. 5, 3, 3:
cum aliquo in laude et in gratia esse,
id. Verr. 1, 17, 51; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:
inter vos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17 Ruhnk.:
plerique (in divortio) cum bona gratia discedunt,
Dig. 24, 1, 32, § 10;
without bona: cum istuc quod postulo impetro cum gratia,
with a good grace, Ter. And. 2, 5, 11:
omnia quae potui in hac summa tua gratia ac potentia a te impetrare,
credit, influence, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 5; cf.:
Iccius Remus, summa nobilitate et gratia inter suos,
Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 4; 1, 43, 8:
gratiā plurimum posse,
id. ib. 1, 9, 3; 1, 20, 2; cf.:
quantum gratia, auctoritate, pecunia valent,
id. ib. 7, 63, 1:
gratiā valere,
id. B. C. 2, 44, 1:
inproba quamvis Gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit urna,
Juv. 13, 4:
quem triumphum magis gratiae quam rerum gestarum magnitudini datum constabat,
Liv. 40, 59, 1.—In plur.:
L. Murenae provincia multas bonas gratias cum optima existimatione attulit,
tokens of favor, Cic. Mur. 20, 42:
cum haec res plurimas gratias, firmissimas amicitias pariat,
id. ib. 11, 24:
non hominum potentium studio, non excellentibus gratiis paucorum, sed universi populi Romani judicio consulem factum,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 7.—
B.
Transf., objectively, like the Gr. charis, agreeableness, pleasantness, charm, beauty, loveliness, grace (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose;
esp. freq. in Quint.): gratia formae,
Ov. M. 7, 44; Suet. Tit. 3:
corporis,
id. Vit. 3; id. Vit. Ter. 1; Plin. 28, 19, 79, § 260:
quid ille gratiae in vultu ostenderit,
Quint. 6 prooem. § 7; cf. id. 6, 3, 26:
unica nec desit jocundis gratia verbis,
charm, Prop. 1, 2, 29; cf.: neque abest facundis gratia dictis, Ov. M. 13, 127:
plenus est jucunditatis et gratiae (Horatius),
Quint. 10, 1, 96:
sermonis Attici,
id. ib. 65;
12, 10, 35: dicendi,
id. 9, 3, 74:
brevitatis novitatisque,
id. ib. 58:
omnis bene scriptorum,
id. 11, 2, 46 et saep.; Cels. 4, 29 med.:
uvis et vinis gratiam affert fumus fabrilis,
Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 16; id. 17, 9, 6, § 53. —Hence,
2.
As a nom. propr.: Grātiae, ārum, f., a transl. of the Gr. Charites, the goddesses of favor, loveliness, grace, etc., the three Graces, Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia, daughters of Jupiter and Eurynome, Sen. Ben. 1, 3, 3; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 720; Hor. C. 1, 4, 6; 1, 30, 6; 3, 19, 16; 3, 21, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 82.—In sing.: Grātia, ae, collect., Ov. M. 6, 429.
II.
Favor which one shows to another, mark of favor, kindness, courtesy, service, obligation.
A.
In gen. (rare): ita mihi Telamonis patris, avi Aeaci et proavi Jovis grata est gratia, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 23 (Trag. v. 367 Vahl.):
ergo ab eo petito gratiam istam,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 63; cf.:
gratiam a patre si petimus, spero ab eo impetrassere,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 23:
petivit in beneficii loco et gratiae, ut, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82, § 189; cf.:
quod beneficii gratiaeque causa concessit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 48 fin.:
hanc gratiam ut sibi des,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 30:
juris jurandi volo gratiam facias,
excuse, release, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 59; cf.:
alicui delicti gratiam facere,
to grant pardon, forgive, Sall. J. 104 fin. Kritz.:
qui mihi atque animo meo nullius umquam delicti gratiam fecissem,
id. Cat. 52, 8; cf.
also: quibus senatus belli Lepidani gratiam fecerat,
id. Fragm. 3, 34 Gerl.:
alii ipsi professi se pugnaturos in gratiam ducis,
to please, for the sake of, Liv. 28, 21, 4; cf.:
deletam urbem cernimus eorum, quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal,
id. 28, 39, 12 Drak.:
in gratiam alicujus,
id. 35, 2, 6; 39, 26, 12; Vell. 2, 41, 2; Suet. Tib. 49 al.; cf.
also: data visceratio in praeteritam judicii gratiam,
for the favor shown him on the trial, Liv. 8, 22, 4:
nil ibi majorum respectus, gratia nulla umbrarum,
Juv. 8, 64.—
B.
In partic., a mark of favor shown for a service rendered, thanks (by word or deed), thankfulness, gratitude; acknowledgment, return, requital (the form with agere of returning thanks is the plur., but with habere, referre, debere, nearly always in sing.; but when thanks are due to or rendered by more than one person, the form gratias referre, etc., may be used; v. infra., and cf. Krebs. Antibarb. p. 505):
quae (gratia) in memoria et remuneratione officiorum et honoris et amicitiarum observantiam teneat,
Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66; cf.:
gratia est, in qua amicitiarum et officiorum alterius memoria et remunerandi voluntas continetur,
id. ib. 2, 53, 161:
immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam: nam relaturum me affirmare non possum,
id. Fam. 10, 11, 1; cf.:
renuntiate, gratias regi me agere: referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse, quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37, 8 (v. ago):
dīs gratias agere... si referre studeant gratias,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26 sq.:
L. Lucceius meus, homo omnium gratissimus, mirificas tibi apud me gratias egit, cum diceret, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 1:
eique amplissimis verbis per senatus consultum gratias egimus,
id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:
Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter,
id. Fam. 1, 10:
justissimas gratias agere,
id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:
quamquam gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, etc.,
id. Fam. 10, 19, 1:
nunc tecum sic agam, tulisse ut potius injuriam, quam retulisse gratiam videar,
to have made a return, requital, recompense, id. Sull. 16, 47 fin.:
magno meo beneficio affecti cumulatissime mihi gratiam retulerunt,
id. Fam. 13, 4, 1:
praeclaram vero populo Romano refers gratiam,
id. Cat. 1, 11, 28:
ut pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores eis habeantur gratiaeque referantur,
id. Phil. 3, 15, 39; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 25:
me omnibus, si minus referenda gratia satisfacere potuerim, at praedicanda et habenda certe satis esse facturum,
if I cannot requite... I can extol, id. Balb. 1, 2; cf.: nimirum inops ille, si bonus est vir, etiam si referre gratiam non potest, habere certe potest. Commode autem quicumque dixit, pecuniam qui habeat, non reddidisse; qui reddiderit, non habere: gratiam autem et qui retulerit, habere et qui habeat retulisse, id. Off. 2, 20, 69; id. Planc. 28, 68; cf. id. ib. 42, 101; id. Fam. 5, 11, 1:
gratias habere,
Liv. 24, 37, 7:
alicui summas gratias habere,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33:
alicui maximas infinitasque agere atque habere gratias, quod, etc.,
Vitr. 6 praef. 4:
merito vestro maximas vobis gratias omnes et agere et habere debemus,
Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:
meritam dīs immortalibus gratiam justis honoribus et memori mente persolvere,
id. Planc. 33, 80:
pro beneficio gratiam repetere,
Liv. 1, 47, 7:
gratias ob hoc agere, quod, etc.,
Liv. 54, 50, 4; so with ob, Plin. Ep. 9, 31, 21; Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10, 9:
pro tuo summo beneficio gratias agere,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; Liv. 23, 11, 12; Plin, Pan. 25, 1; cf. Gell. 9, 3, 5:
dum carmine nostro Redditur agricolis gratia caelitibus,
Tib. 2, 1, 36; cf.:
hoc certe justitiae convenit suum cuique reddere, beneficio gratiam, injuriae talionem aut certe malam gratiam,
Sen. Ep. 81 med.;
rarely: in gratiam habere (=ita accipere, ut ad gratiam comparandam valere putet),
to accept as thankworthy, Sall. J. 111, 1:
unum vis curem: curo. Et est dīs gratia, Cum ita, ut volo, est,
I thank, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 58; cf.: Er. Eamus intro, ut prandeamus. Me. Bene vocas: tam gratia est, no, I'm much obliged to you (the negative being omitted, as in the Fr. je vous remercie, and the Germ. ich danke sehr), Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36.—Ellipt.: fores effregit? restituentur;
discidit Vestem? resarcietur: est, dīs gratia, Et unde haec fiant, et adhuc non molesta sunt,
thank Heaven, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf. (anteclass. and post-Aug.):
dīs gratias agebat, tempus sibi dari, etc.,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 6; Tac. H. 4, 64; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 4; id. And. 1, 1, 15.—Hence, as adverbs:
A.
grātĭā (acc. to II. A.), lit., in favor of, on account of, for the sake of; hence, in gen., on account of (usually placed after the gen., in Quint. a few times before it; cf.: causa, ergo).
(α).
With gen.:
sed neque longioribus quam oportet hyperbatis compositioni serviamus, ne quae ejus gratia fecerimus, propter eam fecisse videamur,
lest what we have done to embellish the style we should seem to have done merely on account of the construction we had chosen, Quint. 9, 4, 144:
tantum abest, ut haec bestiarum etiam causa parata sint, ut ipsas bestias hominum gratia generatas esse videamus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.); cf.:
honoris gratia nomino,
Cic. Quint. 7, 28:
nuptiarum gratia haec sunt ficta atque incepta omnia,
Ter. And. 5, 1, 17:
simulabat sese negotii gratia properare,
Sall. J. 76, 1: hominem occisum esse constat;
non praedae gratia: quia inspoliatus est,
Quint. 7, 1, 33; cf.:
hereditatis gratia,
id. 5, 12, 5:
quem censores senatu probri gratia moverant,
Sall. C. 23, 1:
profectus gratia dicere,
Quint. 2, 10, 9:
brevitatis gratia,
id. 4, 2, 43:
decoris gratia,
id. 8, 6, 65:
difficultatis gratia,
id. 9, 2, 77:
aut invidiae gratia... aut miserationis,
id. 9, 2, 8:
praesentis gratia litis,
id. 2, 7, 4 al. —With gerund.: duxit me uxorem liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):
ut aut voluptates omittantur majorum voluptatum adipiscendarum causa, aut dolores suscipiantur majorum dolorum effugiendorum gratia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 43, 2:
tentandi gratia,
Sall. J. 47, 2:
hiemandi gratia,
id. ib. 61, 3:
colloquendi gratia,
id. ib. 61, 4:
placandi gratia,
id. ib. 71, 5:
simulandi gratia,
id. ib. 37, 4:
sui exposcendi gratia,
Nep. Hann. 7, 6:
amplificandi gratia... vel miserandi,
Quint. 9, 3, 28:
elevandae invidiae gratia,
id. 5, 13, 40:
recuperandae dignitatis gratia,
id. 11, 1, 79:
vitandae similitudinis gratia,
id. 9, 1, 11 al. —Ellipt.: ejus generis hae sunt quaestiones. Si, exempli gratia, vir bonus Alexandria Rhodum magnum frumenti numerum advexerit, etc., for example, for instance (for the usual exempli causa; so,
verbi gratia, for verbi causa, infra),
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50; so,
exempli gratia,
Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 110;
for which in full: pauca tamen exempli gratia ponam,
Quint. 6, 5, 6:
eorum unam discordiam ponemus exempli gratia,
Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 213:
propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratia propter voluptatem,
for instance, Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—Placed before the [p. 826] gen.:
gratiā decoris,
Quint. 8 praef. §
18: compositionis,
id. 9, 4, 58:
lenitatis,
id. 9, 4, 144:
significationis,
id. 8, 6, 2.—
(β).
With pron. (mostly ante-class.):
meā gratiā,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 64; id. Ps. 5, 2, 3:
qui nihil ocius venit tamen hac gratia,
id. Stich. 5, 1, 5; cf.:
abire istac gratia,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 138: (Medea) per agros passim dispergit corpus: id eā gratiā, Ut, etc., Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67; so,
eā gratiā,
Ter. And. 3, 4, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 20; id. Hec. 4, 3, 11:
sed huc qua gratia te arcessi jussi, ausculta,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 19; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 79:
id ea gratia eveniebat, quod nemo ex fuga regem sequitur,
Sall. J. 54, 4:
id ea gratia facilius fuit, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 80, 4.—
B.
grā-tĭīs (always as a trisyll. in ante-class. poets; Pompon. Com. Fragm. v. 110 Rib.; Plaut. As. prol. 5; id. Ep. 3, 4, 38; Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Charis. p. 1806; so in Cic. Verr. 2, 4 and 5 Halm), and contr., grātīs (since the class. per.; acc. to II. A.), lit., out of favor or kindness; hence, pregn., without recompense or reward, for nothing, gratuitously, gratis, proika (cf.:
gratuito, nequidquam, frustra): quae (psaltria) quantum potest Aliquo abicienda est, si non pretio, at gratiis,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 46:
si mihi dantur duo talenta argenti numerata in manum, Hanc tibi noctem honoris causa gratiis dono dabo,
id. As. 1, 3, 38 sq.:
quam introduxistis fidicinam, atque etiam fides, Ei quae accessere, tibi addam dono gratiis,
into the bargain, to boot, id. Ep. 3, 4, 38:
quae Romae magna cum infamia pretio accepto edixeras, ea sola te, ne gratis in provincia male audires, ex edicto Siciliensi sustulisse video,
Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 118:
hic primum questus est non leviter Saturius, communem factum esse gratis cum Roscio, qui pretio proprius fuisset Fanni,
id. Rosc. Com. 10, 27:
gratis dare alicui (opp. pretium accipere ab aliquo),
Mart. 14, 175, 2:
id me scis antea gratis tibi esse pollicitum. Quid nunc putas, tanta mihi abs te mercede proposita?
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 7:
gratis rei publicae servire,
id. Clu. 26, 71:
tantum gratis pagina nostra placet,
Mart. 5, 16, 10:
virtutes omnes per se ipsas gratis diligere,
Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 83.—Opp. for payment:
is repente, ut Romam venit, gratis praetor factus est. Alia porro pecunia ne accusaretur data,
Cic. Verr. 1, 39, 101; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 19, §
48: habitent gratis in alieno?
id. Off. 2, 23, 83; so,
habitare in aedibus alienis,
Dig. 39, 5, 9:
habitationem cui dare,
free of cost, ib. 19, 2, 53, § 2; Mart. 10, 3, 11.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gratia
15 to

1. tə,tu preposition
1) (towards; in the direction of: I cycled to the station; The book fell to the floor; I went to the concert/lecture/play.) a, hacia

2) (as far as: His story is a lie from beginning to end.) a, hasta

3) (until: Did you stay to the end of the concert?) hasta

4) (sometimes used to introduce the indirect object of a verb: He sent it to us; You're the only person I can talk to.) con, a

5) (used in expressing various relations: Listen to me!; Did you reply to his letter?; Where's the key to this door?; He sang to (the accompaniment of) his guitar.) a, para

6) (into a particular state or condition: She tore the letter to pieces.) en

7) (used in expressing comparison or proportion: He's junior to me; Your skill is superior to mine; We won the match by 5 goals to 2.) a

8) (showing the purpose or result of an action etc: He came quickly to my assistance; To my horror, he took a gun out of his pocket.) en; para

9) (tə used before an infinitive eg after various verbs and adjectives, or in other constructions: I want to go!; He asked me to come; He worked hard to (= in order to) earn a lot of money; These buildings were designed to (= so as to) resist earthquakes; She opened her eyes to find him standing beside her; I arrived too late to see him.) para

10) (used instead of a complete infinitive: He asked her to stay but she didn't want to.) (hacerlo)

2. tu: adverb
1) (into a closed or almost closed position: He pulled/pushed the door to.) hasta cerrar

2) (used in phrasal verbs and compounds: He came to (= regained consciousness).) a

•

- to and fro

to prep

1. a

we are going to the coast nos vamos a la costa

we got to the airport at six llegamos al aeropuerto a las seis

she sent a postcard to her boyfriend envió una postal a su novio

give it to me dámelo a mí

he ran to school fue al colegio corriendo

2. a / hasta

she works from nine to five trabaja de nueve a cinco / trabaja desde las nueve hasta las cinco

3. menos

it's five to seven son las siete menos cinco

4. para

he rang to say hello llamó para saludarme

to

tr[tʊ, ʊnstressed tə]

preposition

1 (with place) a

■ we're going to a concert vamos a un concierto

■ did you go to the bank? ¿fuiste al banco?

■ he was taken to the police station lo llevaron a la comisaría

■ I have been to lots of countries he estado en muchos países

■ I saw her on the way to the airport la vi camino del aeropuerto

■ they travelled from town to town viajaron de ciudad en ciudad

■ A is to the north/south/east/west of B A está al norte/sur/este/oeste de B

■ it's twenty miles to York York está a veinte millas de aquí

2 (towards) hacia

■ the Labour party has moved to the right el partido laborista se ha desplazado hacia la derecha

■ it's further to the north está más hacia el norte

■ he sat with his back to her se sentó de espaldas a ella

3 (as far as, until) a, hasta

■ from beginning to end desde el principio hasta el final

■ she can count up to 10 sabe contar hasta 10

■ from Monday to Friday de lunes a viernes

■ we work from 9 to 5 trabajamos de 9 a 5

■ her hair reaches down to her waist el pelo le llega hasta la cintura

■ I like all music, from Abba to ZZTop me gusta toda la música, desde Abba hasta ZZTop

■ it's accurate to within one second tiene un margen de error de menos de un segundo

4 (of time) menos

■ it's ten to two son las dos menos diez

■ it's nearly twenty to son casi menos veinte

■ a quarter to eight las ocho menos cuarto

■ there are only two weeks to Christmas faltan sólo dos semanas para Navidad

5 (with indirect object) a

■ I showed the letter to my mother le enseñé la carta a mi madre

■ she lent the book to her friend le dejó el libro a su amiga

■ I gave it to him se lo di a él

6 (for) de

■ the key to the safe la llave de la caja fuerte

■ he's secretary to the board es secretario del consejo de administración

■ what's the answer to question 4? ¿cuál es la respuesta a la pregunta número 4?

■ heir to the throne heredero al trono

7 (attitude, behaviour) con, para con

■ you've been very kind to us has sido muy amable con nosotros

■ be nice to her pórtate bien con ella

■ he was so rude to me se mostró muy grosero conmigo

8 (in honour of) a

■ we drink to his health brindamos a su salud

■ a monument to Churchill un monumento a Churchill

9 (touching) a, contra

■ he put his ear to the wall puso la oreja contra la pared

■ she clutched her bag to her chest se estrechó el bolso contra el pecho

10 (accompanied by) acompañado,-a de

■ we danced to the music bailamos al compás de la música

■ he left to loud shouts of disapproval se marchó entre gritos de desaprobación

11 (causing something) para

■ to my surprise, it was empty para mi sorpresa, estaba vacío

12 (as seen by) por lo que respecta

■ to a foreigner, it must seem awful para un extranjero, debe parecer terrible

■ to some people he was a hero, to others a traitor para algunos era un héroe, para otros era un traidor

13 (indicating comparison) a

■ I prefer tea to coffee prefiero el té al café

■ that's nothing to what I heard eso no es nada comparado con lo que he oído

14 (ratio) a

■ they won by fourteen points to ten ganaron por catorce puntos a diez

■ we lost by three goals to two perdimos por tres a dos

■ the odds are 50 to 1 las posibilidades son 50 contra 1

15 (per, equivalent) a, en

■ there are 100 pence to the pound hay 100 peniques en una libra

■ how much does your car do to the gallon? ≈ ¿cuánto gasta tu coche a los cien kilómetros?

16 (according to) según

■ to my way of thinking a mi modo de entender

■ is it to your taste? ¿es de su agrado?

■ I did it to the best of my ability lo hice lo mejor posible

■ contrary to all appearances en contra de todos los indicios

17 (result) a

■ wait until the light turns to green espera hasta que la luz cambie a verde

■ she was reduced to tears se deshizo en lágrimas

■ the party's rapid rise to power la rápida subida al poder del partido

■ he smashed it to pieces lo hizo pedazos

18 (in order to) para, a fin de

■ I worked overtime to earn some extra money hice horas extras para ganar más dinero

19 (used as object of many verbs)

■ she wants you to go away quiere que te vayas

20 (substituting infinitive)

■ would you like to dance? --I'd love to ¿te gustaría bailar? --me encantaría

■ she didn't want to go, but she had to no quería ir, pero no le quedaba más remedio

adverb

1 (of door) ajustada

■ push the door to ajusta la puerta

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to and fro vaivén, ir y venir Table 1SMALLNOTA/SMALL Cuando se usa con la raíz del verbo para formar el infinitivo no se traduce/Table 1 ■ I want to help you quiero ayudarte

■ he tried to sell his car intentó vender su coche

to ['tu:] adv

1) : a un estado consciente

to come to: volver en sí

2)

to and fro : de aquí para allá, de un lado para otro

to prep

1) (indicating a place) : a

to go to the doctor: ir al médico

I'm going to John's: voy a la casa de John

2) toward: a, hacia

two miles to the south: dos millas hacia el sur

3) on: en, sobre

apply salve to the wound: póngale ungüento a la herida

4) up to: hasta, a

to a degree: hasta cierto grado

from head to toe: de pies a cabeza

5) (in expressions of time)

it's quarter to seven: son las siete menos cuarto

6) until: a, hasta

from May to December: de mayo a diciembre

7) (indicating belonging or possession) : de, a

the key to the lock: la llave del candado

8) (indicating response) : a

dancing to the rhythm: bailando al compás

9) (indicating comparison or proportion) : a

it's similar to mine: es parecido al mío

they won 4 to 2: ganaron 4 a 2

10) (indicating agreement or conformity) : a, de acuerdo con

made to order: hecho a la orden

to my knowledge: a mi saber

11) (indicating inclusion) : en cada, por

twenty to the box: veinte por caja

12) (used to form the infinitive)

to understand: entender

to go away: irse

I tuː, weak form tə
preposition

1)

a) ( indicating destination) a

we're going to Paris — vamos a París

I'll drive you to the station — te llevo a la estación

we went to John's — fuimos a casa de John, fuimos a lo de John (RPl), fuimos donde John (esp AmL)

you can wear it to a party/the wedding — puedes ponértelo para una fiesta/la boda

b) ( indicating direction) hacia

move a little to the right — córrete un poco hacia la derecha

he turned to me — se volvió hacia mí

it's pointing to the east — señala al Este

c) ( indicating position) a

to the left/right of something — a la izquierda/derecha de algo

a mile to the south of Milton — una milla al sur de Milton

2) (against, onto)

she clasped him to her — lo estrechó contra ella

they stuck the poster to the wall — pegaron el cartel en la pared

3)

a) ( as far as) hasta

she can count (up) to 100 now — ya sabe contar hasta 100

to a certain extent — hasta cierto punto

a year ago to the day — hace exactamente un año

b) ( until) hasta

I can't stay to the end — no puedo quedarme hasta el final

c) ( indicating range)

there will be 30 to 35 guests — habrá entre 30 y 35 invitados; see also from 4)

4)

a) ( showing indirect object)

who did you send/give it to? — ¿a quién se lo mandaste/diste?

give it to me — dámelo

what did you say to him/them? — ¿qué le/les dijiste?

I'll hand you over to Jane — te paso or (Esp tb) te pongo con Jane

I was singing/talking to myself — estaba cantando/hablando solo

to me, he will always be a hero — para mí, siempre será un héroe

he was very kind/rude to me — fue muy amable/grosero conmigo

b) (in toasts, dedications)

here's to Toby — brindemos por Toby

here's to a Happy New Year — Feliz Año Nuevo!

best wishes to you both — los mejores deseos para ambos

to Paul with love from Jane — para Paul, con cariño de Jane

5) (indicating proportion, relation)

how many ounces are there to the pound? — ¿cuántas onzas hay en una libra?

600 pesos to the US dollar — 600 pesos por dólar

it does 30 miles to the gallon — da or rinde 30 millas por galón, consume 6.75 litros a los or por cada cien kilómetros

Barcelona won by two goals to one — Barcelona ganó por dos (goles) a uno

there's a 10 to 1 chance of... — hay una probabilidad de uno en 10 de...

that's nothing to what followed — eso no es nada comparado or en comparación con lo que vino después

6) ( concerning)

what do you say to that? — ¿qué dices a eso?, ¿qué te parece (eso)?

that's all there is to it — eso es todo

there's nothing to it — es muy simple or sencillo

7)

a) ( in accordance with)

to all appearances — según parece

they are not to my taste — no son de mi gusto

b) ( producing)

to my horror/delight... — para mi horror/alegría...

c) ( indicating purpose)

to this end — con este fin

8) ( indicating belonging) de

the key to the front door — la llave de la puerta principal

the solution to the problem — la solución al or del problema

it has a nice ring/sound to it — suena bien

9) ( telling time) (BrE)

ten to three — las tres menos diez, diez para las tres (AmL exc RPl)

10) ( accompanied by)

we danced to the music — bailamos al compás de la música

they sang it to the tune of `Clementine' — lo cantaron con la melodía de `Clementine'

II tə
(in infinitives)

1)

a)

to sing/fear/leave — cantar/temer/partir

I want to dance — quiero bailar

I want them to dance — quiero que bailen

b) ( in order to) para

I do it to save money — lo hago para ahorrar dinero

c) ( indicating result)

he awoke to find her gone — cuando despertó, ella ya se había ido

I walked 5 miles only to be told they weren't home — caminé 5 millas para que me dijeran que no estaban en casa

d) ( without vb)

I'd love to! — me encantaría!

he doesn't want to — no quiere

2) (after adj or n)

it's easy/difficult to do — es fácil/difícil de hacer

you're too young to drink wine — eres demasiado joven para beber vino

she was the first to arrive — fue la primera en llegar

it's nothing to worry about — no hay por qué preocuparse

she has a lot to do — tiene mucho que hacer

III tuː
adverb ( shut)

I pulled the door to — cerré la puerta

[tʊ, tuː, tǝ]
1. PREPOSITION
When to is the second element in a phrasal verb, eg set to, heave to, look up the phrasal verb. When to is part of a set combination, eg nice to, to my mind, to all appearances, appeal to, look up the other word.
1) (destination) a
Note: a + el = al

it's 90 kilometres to Lima — de aquí a Lima hay 90 kilómetros, hay 90 kilómetros a Lima

a letter to his wife — una carta a su mujer

he fell to the floor — cayó al suelo

to go to Paris/Spain — ir a París/España

to go to Peru — ir al Perú

to go to school/university — ir al colegio/a la Universidad

to go to the doctor's — ir al médico

I liked the exhibition, I went to it twice — me gustó la exposición, fui a verla dos veces

we're going to John's/my parents' for Christmas — vamos a casa de John/mis padres por Navidad

• have you ever been to India? — ¿has estado alguna vez en la India?

• flights to Heathrow — vuelos a or con destino a Heathrow

• the road to Edinburgh — la carretera de Edimburgo
church 1., 2)
2) (=towards) hacia

he walked slowly to the door — caminó despacio hacia la puerta

he turned to me — se giró hacia mí

move it to the left/right — muévelo hacia la izquierda/derecha

3) (=as far as) hasta

from here to London — de aquí a or hasta Londres

I'll see you to the door — te acompaño hasta la puerta

4) (=up to) hasta

to count to ten — contar hasta diez

it's accurate to (within) a millimetre — es exacto hasta el milímetro

to some extent — hasta cierto punto, en cierta medida

we are expecting 40 to 50 people — esperamos entre 40 y 50 personas

• to this day I still don't know what he meant — aún hoy no sé lo que quiso decir

eight years ago to the day — hoy hace exactamente ocho años

• he didn't stay to the end — no se quedó hasta el final

• from Monday to Friday — de lunes a viernes

from morning to night — de la mañana a la noche, desde la mañana hasta la noche

• funds to the value of... — fondos por valor de...
decimal 1.
5) (=located at) a

the door is to the left (of the window) — la puerta está a la izquierda (de la ventana)

the airport is to the west of the city — el aeropuerto está al oeste de la ciudad

6) (=against) contra

he stood with his back to the wall — estaba con la espalda contra la pared

he clasped her to him — la estrechó contra sí

to turn a picture to the wall — volver un cuadro mirando a la pared

7) (when telling time)

it's a quarter to three — son las tres menos cuarto, es or (LAm) falta un cuarto para las tres

at eight minutes to ten — a las diez menos ocho

8) (introducing indirect object) a

to give sth to sb — dar algo a algn

I gave it to my friend — se lo di a mi amigo

the man I sold it to or frm to whom I sold it — el hombre a quien se lo vendí

it belongs to me — me pertenece (a mí), es mío

they were kind to me — fueron amables conmigo

it's new to me — es nuevo para mí

what is that to me? — ¿y a mí qué me importa eso?

"that's strange," I said to myself — -es raro -me dije para mis adentros

9) (in dedications, greetings)

greetings to all our friends! — ¡saludos a todos los amigos!

welcome to you all! — ¡bienvenidos todos!

"to P.R. Lilly" — (in book) "para P.R. Lilly"

here's to you! — ¡va por ti!, ¡por ti!

a monument to the fallen — un monumento a los caídos, un monumento en honor a los caídos

10) (in ratios, proportions) por

there were three men to a cell — había tres hombres por celda

it does 30 miles to the gallon — hace 30 millas por galón

eight apples to the kilo — ocho manzanas por kilo

there are about five pesos to the dollar — son unos cinco pesos por dólar

a scale of 1 centimetre to 1 kilometre — una escala de 1 centímetro por kilómetro

200 people to the square mile — 200 personas por milla cuadrada

the odds are 8 to 1 — las probabilidades son de 8 a 1

the odds against it happening are a million to one — las probabilidades de que eso ocurra son una entre un millón

by a majority of 12 to 10 — por una mayoría de 12 a 10

they won by four goals to two — ganaron por cuatro goles a dos

three to the fourth, three to the power of four — (Math) tres a la cuarta potencia

11) (in comparisons) a

superior to the others — superior a los demás

A is to B as C is to D — A es a B como C es a D

that's nothing to what is to come — eso no es nada en comparación con lo que está por venir

12) (=about, concerning)

what do you say to that? — ¿qué te parece (eso)?

what would you say to a beer? — ¿te parece que tomemos una cerveza?

"to repairing pipes:..." — (on bill) "reparación de las cañerías:..."

13) (=according to) según

to my way of thinking — a mi modo de ver, según mi modo de pensar

14) (=to the accompaniment of)

we danced to the music of the band — bailamos con la música de la orquesta

they came out to the strains of the national anthem — salieron a los compases del himno nacional

it is sung to the tune of "Tipperary" — se canta con la melodía de "Tipperary"

15) (=of, for) de

the key to the front door — la llave de la puerta principal

assistant to the manager — asistente del gerente

he was a good father to the children — fue un buen padre para sus hijos

it offers a solution to your problem — te ofrece una solución para el problema

we've found the solution to the problem — hemos encontrado solución al problema

the British ambassador to Moscow — el embajador británico en Moscú

he has been a good friend to us — ha sido un buen amigo para nosotros

16) (with gerund/noun)

• to look forward to doing sth — tener muchas ganas de hacer algo

I'm really looking forward to the holidays — estoy deseando que lleguen las vacaciones

• to prefer painting to drawing — preferir pintar a dibujar

• to be used to (doing) sth — estar acostumbrado a (hacer) algo

17) (in set expressions)

• to this end — a or con este fin

• to my enormous shame I did nothing — para gran vergüenza mía, no hice nada

• to my great surprise — con gran sorpresa por mi parte, para gran sorpresa mía

2. INFINITIVE PARTICLE

1) (infinitive)

to come — venir

to sing — cantar

to work — trabajar

2) (following another verb)

a)
A preposition may be required with the Spanish infinitive, depending on what precedes it: look up the verb.
• she refused to listen — se negó a escuchar

• to start to cry — empezar or ponerse a llorar

• to try to do sth — tratar de hacer algo, intentar hacer algo

• to want to do sth — querer hacer algo

b) (object as subject of following infinitive)

• I'd advise you to think this over — te aconsejaría que te pensaras bien esto

• he'd like me to give up work — le gustaría que dejase de trabajar

• we'd prefer him to go to university — preferiríamos que fuese a la universidad

• I want you to do it — quiero que lo hagas

c)

I have things to do — tengo cosas que hacer

he has a lot to lose — tiene mucho que perder

there was no one for me to ask, there wasn't anyone for me to ask — no había nadie a quien yo pudiese preguntar

he's not the sort or type to do that — no es de los que hacen eso

• that book is still to be written — ese libro está todavía por escribir

• now is the time to do it — ahora es el momento de hacerlo

• and who is he to criticize? — ¿y quién es él para criticar?

3) (purpose, result) para

he did it to help you — lo hizo para ayudarte

I have done nothing to deserve this — no he hecho nada para merecer esto

it disappeared, never to be seen again — desapareció para siempre

I arrived to find she had gone — cuando llegué me encontré con que se había ido

he came to see you — vino a verte

he's gone to get the paper — ha ido a por el periódico

4) (standing in for verb)
The particle to is not translated when it stands for the infinitive:
we didn't want to sell it but we had to — no queríamos venderlo pero tuvimos que hacerlo or no hubo más remedio

"would you like to come to dinner?" - "I'd love to!" — -¿te gustaría venir a cenar? -¡me encantaría!

you may not want to do it but you ought to for the sake of your education — tal vez no quieres hacerlo pero deberías en aras de tu educación

I don't want to — no quiero

I forgot to — se me olvidó

5) (after adjective)
For combinations like difficult/easy/foolish/ ready/ slow to etc, look up the adjective.
it is very expensive to live in London — resulta muy caro vivir en Londres

it's hard to describe the feeling — es difícil describir la sensación

these dogs are hard to control — estos perros son difíciles de controlar

the first/last to go — el primero/último en irse

he's young to be a grandfather — es joven para ser abuelo

See:

EASY, DIFFICULT, IMPOSSIBLE in easy

6) (in exclamations)

and then to be let down like that! — ¡y para que luego te decepcionen así!

and to think he didn't mean a word of it! — ¡y pensar que nada de lo que dijo era de verdad!

7)

to see him now one would never think that... — al verlo or viéndolo ahora nadie creería que...

3.

ADVERB

to pull the door to — tirar de la puerta para cerrarla, cerrar la puerta tirando

to push the door to — empujar la puerta para cerrarla, cerrar la puerta empujando

* * *

I [tuː], weak form [tə]
preposition

1)

a) ( indicating destination) a

we're going to Paris — vamos a París

I'll drive you to the station — te llevo a la estación

we went to John's — fuimos a casa de John, fuimos a lo de John (RPl), fuimos donde John (esp AmL)

you can wear it to a party/the wedding — puedes ponértelo para una fiesta/la boda

b) ( indicating direction) hacia

move a little to the right — córrete un poco hacia la derecha

he turned to me — se volvió hacia mí

it's pointing to the east — señala al Este

c) ( indicating position) a

to the left/right of something — a la izquierda/derecha de algo

a mile to the south of Milton — una milla al sur de Milton

2) (against, onto)

she clasped him to her — lo estrechó contra ella

they stuck the poster to the wall — pegaron el cartel en la pared

3)

a) ( as far as) hasta

she can count (up) to 100 now — ya sabe contar hasta 100

to a certain extent — hasta cierto punto

a year ago to the day — hace exactamente un año

b) ( until) hasta

I can't stay to the end — no puedo quedarme hasta el final

c) ( indicating range)

there will be 30 to 35 guests — habrá entre 30 y 35 invitados; see also from 4)

4)

a) ( showing indirect object)

who did you send/give it to? — ¿a quién se lo mandaste/diste?

give it to me — dámelo

what did you say to him/them? — ¿qué le/les dijiste?

I'll hand you over to Jane — te paso or (Esp tb) te pongo con Jane

I was singing/talking to myself — estaba cantando/hablando solo

to me, he will always be a hero — para mí, siempre será un héroe

he was very kind/rude to me — fue muy amable/grosero conmigo

b) (in toasts, dedications)

here's to Toby — brindemos por Toby

here's to a Happy New Year — Feliz Año Nuevo!

best wishes to you both — los mejores deseos para ambos

to Paul with love from Jane — para Paul, con cariño de Jane

5) (indicating proportion, relation)

how many ounces are there to the pound? — ¿cuántas onzas hay en una libra?

600 pesos to the US dollar — 600 pesos por dólar

it does 30 miles to the gallon — da or rinde 30 millas por galón, consume 6.75 litros a los or por cada cien kilómetros

Barcelona won by two goals to one — Barcelona ganó por dos (goles) a uno

there's a 10 to 1 chance of... — hay una probabilidad de uno en 10 de...

that's nothing to what followed — eso no es nada comparado or en comparación con lo que vino después

6) ( concerning)

what do you say to that? — ¿qué dices a eso?, ¿qué te parece (eso)?

that's all there is to it — eso es todo

there's nothing to it — es muy simple or sencillo

7)

a) ( in accordance with)

to all appearances — según parece

they are not to my taste — no son de mi gusto

b) ( producing)

to my horror/delight... — para mi horror/alegría...

c) ( indicating purpose)

to this end — con este fin

8) ( indicating belonging) de

the key to the front door — la llave de la puerta principal

the solution to the problem — la solución al or del problema

it has a nice ring/sound to it — suena bien

9) ( telling time) (BrE)

ten to three — las tres menos diez, diez para las tres (AmL exc RPl)

10) ( accompanied by)

we danced to the music — bailamos al compás de la música

they sang it to the tune of `Clementine' — lo cantaron con la melodía de `Clementine'

II [tə]
(in infinitives)

1)

a)

to sing/fear/leave — cantar/temer/partir

I want to dance — quiero bailar

I want them to dance — quiero que bailen

b) ( in order to) para

I do it to save money — lo hago para ahorrar dinero

c) ( indicating result)

he awoke to find her gone — cuando despertó, ella ya se había ido

I walked 5 miles only to be told they weren't home — caminé 5 millas para que me dijeran que no estaban en casa

d) ( without vb)

I'd love to! — me encantaría!

he doesn't want to — no quiere

2) (after adj or n)

it's easy/difficult to do — es fácil/difícil de hacer

you're too young to drink wine — eres demasiado joven para beber vino

she was the first to arrive — fue la primera en llegar

it's nothing to worry about — no hay por qué preocuparse

she has a lot to do — tiene mucho que hacer

III [tuː]
adverb ( shut)

I pulled the door to — cerré la puerta

English-spanish dictionary > to
16 difficilis

dif-fĭcĭlis, e (old form difficul, like facul, famul, simul, etc., Varr. ap. Non. 111, 25), adj. [facilis; hence, far from easy to do, to accomplish, to bear, etc.; v. facilis], hard, difficult, troublesome (very freq. and class.).
I.
In gen.:
nulla est tam facilis res, quin difficilis siet, quom invitus facias,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 1; cf. Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 20; and:
sacrorum diligentiam difficilem, apparatum perfacilem esse voluit,
Cic. Rep. 2, 14 Mos.:
quae facilia ex difficillimis animi magnitudo redegerat,
Caes. B. G. 2, 27, fin.:
quam graves, quam difficiles plerisque videntur calamitatum societates!
Cic. Lael. 17 fin.:
res arduae ac difficiles,
id. Inv. 2, 54, 163; cf. id. Or. 10; id. Tusc. 3, 34 fin.; Plin. 17, 4, 3, § 28:
contortae res et difficiles,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58 fin.:
quam scopuloso difficilique in loco verser,
id. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35; cf.:
in locos difficiles abire,
Sall. J. 87 fin. Kritz.:
iter angustum et difficile,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; id. B. C. 1, 65, 3:
valles,
id. ib. 1, 68, 2:
difficili et arduo ascensu,
id. ib. 3, 34; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23:
difficilis atque impedita palus,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19:
transitus,
id. ib. 6, 7, 5:
aditus,
id. ib. 7, 36; Hor. S. 1, 9, 56:
tempus anni difficillimum,
Caes. B. C. 1, 48, 5:
difficili rei publicae tempore,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 21:
difficillimo reip. tempore,
id. Phil. 5, 13, 36; cf. id. Caecin. 4, 11:
difficilioribus usi tempestatibus,
Caes. B. C. 3, 15, 4:
partus,
Plin. 24, 5, 13, § 22:
urina,
id. 23, 9, 83, § 165:
venter,
id. 22, 13, 15, §
33 et saep.: (Macer et Lucretius) alter humilis, alter difficilis,
Quint. 10, 1, 87 Frotsch.:
nimium difficile est reperiri amicum,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 20;
so with a subjectclause,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 6; Lucr. 1, 138; Cic. Lael. 6, 22; 8, 26; 10, 33 et saep.; Caes. B. G. 1, 14, 2; 7, 58, 2; id. B. C. 1, 50 fin. et saep.; cf.:
difficile ad fidem est in tam antiqua re, quot pugnaverint ceciderintve exacto affirmare numero,
Liv. 3, 5, 12:
difficile est longum subito deponere amorem,
Cat. 77, 13.—Prov.:
difficile est, crimen non prodere vultu,
Ov. M. 2, 447:
difficile est, tristi fingere mente jocum,
Tib. 3, 7, 2:
(rebus) difficilibus ad eloquendum,
Cic. Off. 1, 35, 126:
ad percipiendum,
Quint. 8 prooem. § 4.—With supin.:
difficile factu est,
Cic. Rep. 1, 43; so,
factu,
id. Off. 1, 21, 71; id. N. D. 3, 1; id. Univ. 11:
dictu,
id. Lael. 3, 12; 7, 23; id. Fam. 1, 7, 2:
aditu (locus),
Sall. J. 91 fin. Kritz.—With dat.:
fructus difficilis concoctioni,
Plin. 23, 8, 79, § 151.—With gerund.:
in difficili esse,
Liv. 3, 65, 11; cf.:
in facili esse,
id. 3, 8, 9; so,
in difficili rem esse,
Cels. 5, 26 fin.:
ille casus in difficili est, si, etc.,
Dig. 28, 2, 29, § 15.
II.
In partic., of character, hard to manage or to please, obstinate, captious, morose, surly:
difficiles ac morosi,
Cic. Or. 29 fin.; cf. id. Fin. 1, 18, 61; Att. ap. Non. 407, 25; Hor. S. 2, 5, 90; id. A. P. 173:
senex,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 24; cf.:
moderati nec difficiles nec inhumani senes,
Cic. de Sen. 3, 7:
sunt morosi et anxii et iracundi et difficiles senes,
id. ib. 18, 65:
avunculus difficillimā naturā,
Nep. Att. 5; cf.:
difficili bile tumet jecur,
Hor. C. 1, 13, 4: parens in liberos difficilis, Att. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:
Penelopen difficilem procis,
Hor. C. 3, 10, 11:
vocanti,
id. ib. 3, 7, 32:
Gradivo,
Ov. A. A. 2, 566:
precibus,
id. P. 2, 2, 20.— Trop.:
terrae,
intractable, Verg. G. 2, 179. —Prov.:
difficilem oportet aurem habere ad crimina,
deaf, inaccessible, Pub. Syr. 133 (Rib.).— Adv., in three forms (but the use of the adv. is mostly avoided by the best authors, difficile est taking its place, v. supra).
(α).
diffĭcĭlē, with difficulty (perh. not ante-Aug.), Vell. 2, 63, 3; Plin. 11, 18, 19, § 62; 27, 12, 94, § 120; Suet. Gramm. 11; Just. 27, 3, 2; Pall. Jan. 7; Tert. Apol. 48.—
(β).
diffĭculter, with difficulty (the usual form), Caes. B. C. 1, 62; Sall. C. 14, 5; Liv. 1, 52, 4; 42, 54, 3; Tac. A. 12, 35; Suet. Claud. 41; Quint. 1, 3, 3 al.—
(γ).
diffĭcĭl-ĭter, with difficulty (rare), Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49 and 50; Col. 5, 3, 1; 5, 7, 1; Lact. Mort. Pers. 9, 7.—
b.
Comp.:
difficilius,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58; Quint. 1, 12, 8; 11, 2, 28; Plin. 22, 21, 28, § 56; Suet. Caes. 29; id. Ner. 43 al.—
c.
Sup.:
difficillime,
Cic. Lael. 17, 64; Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 139; 19, 7, 35, § 117 al.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > difficilis
17 ante

ante adv. and praep. [ANT-]. I. Adv., of space, before, in front, forwards: ante aut post pugnandi ordo, L.: positum ante pullum Sustulit, served, H.: non ante, sed retro.—Usu. of time, before, previously: nonne oportuit Praescisse me ante, T.: fructus ante actae vitae: ante feci mentionem: ut ante dixi: ut saepe ante fecerant: non filius ante pudicus, hitherto, Iu.: multis ante saeculis, many centuries earlier: paucis ante diebus: biennio ante: paulo ante, a little while ago: ante aliquanto: tanto ante praedixeras.—Followed by quam, sooner than, before: ante quam ad sententiam redeo, dicam, etc.: memini Catonem anno ante quam est mortuus disserere: ante quam veniat in Pontum, mittet, etc.: ante... Ararim Parthus bibet... Quam... labatur, etc., V.: qui (sol) ante quam se abderet, vidit, etc.: ante vero quam sit ea res adlata: nullum ante finem pugnae quam morientes fecerunt, L. — Rarely with a subst: neque ignari sumus ante malorum, earlier ills, V.: prodere patriam ante satellitibus, to those who had been, etc., L.— II. Praep. with acc, before. —In space: ante ostium: ante fores, H.: ante aras, V. — Of persons: causam ante eum dicere, plead before his bar: ante ipsum Serapim: ante ora patrum, V.: ante oculos vestros: togati ante pedes, as servants, Iu.: equitatum ante se mittit, Cs.: ante signa progressus, L.—Fig.: pone illum ante oculos viam, recall: omnia sunt posita ante oculos, made clear. — Of esteem or rank, before: facundiā Graecos ante Romanos fuisse, S.: me ante Alexandrum... esse, superior to, L.: Iulus Ante annos animum gerens, superior to, V.: ante alios gratus erat tibi, more than, O.: (virgo) longe ante alios insignis specie, L.: felix ante alias virgo, V.: ante omnīs furor est insignis equarum, V.: longe ante alios acceptissimus militum animis, L.: maestitia ante omnia insignis, above all things, L.: dulces ante omnia Musae, V. — In time, before: ante brumam, T.: ante lucem venire: ante noctem, H.: ante lucernas, Iu.: ante me sententias dicere, S.: tot annis ante civitatem datam: ante id tempus duces erant, until, N.: neque umquam ante hunc diem, never till now, T.: iam ante Socratem, before the time of: qui honos togato habitus ante me est nemini, before my time: Ante Iovem, V.: ante Helenam, H.: per hunc castissimum ante regiam iniuriam sanguinem iuro, L.: ante mare et terras, O.: ante cibum, H.: Hoc discunt omnes ante alpha et beta, before learning ABC, Iu.: ante istum praetorem, before his praetorship: ante hanc urbem conditam, before the founding of this city: ante Epaminondam natum, N.: ante te cognitum, S.: ante conditam condendamve urbem, i. e. built or planned, L.—Poet., with gerund: (equi) ante domandum, before they are broken, V. — Esp. in phrases: factus est (consul) bis, primum ante tempus, before the lawful age: Filius ante diem patrios inquirit in annos, before the destined time, O.: Sed misera ante diem, prematurely, V.: dies ante paucos, a few days sooner, L.: nobis ante quadrennium amissus est, four years ago, Ta.— Ante diem (abbrev. a. d.) with an ordinal number denotes the day of the month, reckoned inclusively, e. g., ante diem quintum (a. d. V.) Kalendas Aprilīs means, by our reckoning, the fourth day before the calends of April: ante diem XIII. Kalendas Ianuarias, the 20th of Dec.: ante diem quartum idūs Martias, the 3d day before the Ides of March, the 12th of March, L. — The entire phrase, as the name of the day, may be preceded by a praep: in ante diem quartum Kal. Dec. distulit: caedem te optimatium contulisse in ante diem V. Kal. Nov., to the 28th of Oct.
* * *
I
ADV

before, previously, first, before this, earlier; in front/advance of; forwards
II
PREP ACC

in front/presence of, in view; before (space/time/degree); over against, facing

Latin-English dictionary > ante
18 Felix

1.
fēlix, īcis (abl. felici, except Cic. Or. 48, 159; and as nom. prop., v. II. B. 2. infra), adj. [from root feo, fevo, to bear, produce, Gr. phuô; cf.: fio, femina; whence fetus, fecundus, femina, fenus], fruit-bearing, fruitful, fertile, productive.
I.
Lit. (rare; not in Cic.): felices arbores Cato dixit, quae fructum ferunt, infelices quae non ferunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 10 Müll.; cf. Fronto Ep. ad Amic. 2, 6 ed. Mai.; so,
arbor,
Liv. 5, 24, 2:
arbusta,
Lucr. 5, 1378:
rami,
Verg. G. 2, 81; so,
rami feliciores,
Hor. Epod. 2, 14:
silvae,
i. e. of fruitful trees, Verg. G. 4, 329:
Massica Baccho,
fruitful in vines, id. A. 7, 725; cf.
Campania,
Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 60:
felicior regio,
Ov. P. 2, 10, 51; cf.:
felix oleae tractus,
Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 179:
venti,
Val. Fl. 6, 711.—
B.
In partic.
1.
In the old relig. lang.: felices arbores, all the nobler sorts of trees, whose fruits were offered to the superior deities, in contradistinction to the infelices, which were dedicated to the inferior deities, Macr. S. 2, 16, 2.—
2.
Felix, as an adj. propr. in Arabia Felix, the fertile portion of Arabia, opp. Arabia Deserta and Petraea; v. Arabia.—
II.
Transf.
A.
Act., that brings good luck, of good omen, auspicious, favorable, propitious, fortunate, prosperous, felicitous (orig. belonging to the relig. lang.; in the class. per. almost confined to poets;
syn.: faustus, fortunatus, beatus, secundus): quae (omina) majores nostri quia valere censebant, idcirco omnibus rebus agendis: QVOD BONVM FAVSTVM FELIX FORTVNATVMQVE ESSET praefabantur,
Cic. Div. 1, 45, 102; so, QVOD BONVM FORTVNATVM FELIXQVE SALVTAREQVE SIET POPVLO ROMANO QVIRITIVM, etc., an old formula in Varr. L. L. 6, § 86; cf.
also: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix fortunataque eveniat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3:
quod tibi mihique sit felix, sub imperium tuum redeo,
Liv. 22, 30, 4:
auspicia,
Verg. A. 11, 32; cf.
omen,
Ov. P. 2, 1, 35:
o dea... Sis felix, nostrum leves, quaecumque, laborem,
Verg. A. 1, 330; cf.:
sis bonus o felixque tuis!
id. E. 5, 65:
terque novas circum felix eat hostia fruges,
id. G. 1, 345:
Zephyri,
id. A. 3, 120:
sententia,
Ov. M. 13, 319:
industria (corresp. to fertilis cura),
Plin. H. N. 14 praef. § 3.—
B.
Lucky, happy, fortunate (the predom. signif. in prose and poetry):
exitus ut classi felix faustusque daretur,
Lucr. 1, 100:
Polycratem Samium felicem appellabant,
Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92:
Caesar Alexandriam se recepit, felix, ut sibi quidem videbatur,
id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 59:
vir ad casum fortunamque felix,
id. Font. 15, 33:
ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,
id. Brut. 16, 63:
Sulla felicissimus omnium ante civilem victoriam,
Sall. J. 95, 4:
in te retinendo fuit Asia felicior quam nos in deducendo,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10, § 30; cf.:
quin etiam si minus felices in diligendo fuissemus,
id. Lael. 16, 60:
vade, o felix nati pietate,
Verg. A. 3, 480; cf. id. ib. 6, 785:
Praxiteles quoque marmore fericior,
i. e. succeeded better as a sculptor, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 69:
felices ter et amplius, Quos irrupta tenet copula,
Hor. C. 1, 13, 17:
omnes composui. Felices! nunc ego resto,
id. S. 1, 9, 28:
Latium felix,
id. C. S. 66:
tempora,
Juv. 2, 38:
saecula,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 103; Juv. 3, 312; Quint. 8, 6, 24: cf.:
nulla sorte nascendi aetas felicior,
id. 12, 11, 22:
felicissima facilitas,
id. 10, 1, 111:
felicissimus sermo,
id. 9, 4, 27:
ita sim felix, a form of asseveration,
Prop. 1, 7, 3:
malum, i. q. salubre,
salubrious, wholesome, Verg. G. 2, 127 Serv.—Prov.: felicem scivi, non qui quod [p. 734] vellet haberet, sed qui per fatum non data non cuperet, Aus. Idyll. 319, 23 sq.—
(β).
With gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
Vergilius beatus felixque gratiae,
Plin. H. N. 14 praef. §
7: o te, Bolane, cerebri Felicem!
Hor. S. 1, 9, 12:
felices studiique locique,
Ov. M. 5, 267:
felix uteri,
Sil. 4, 359:
leti,
id. 4, 398:
famae,
id. 4, 731:
felices operum dies,
Verg. G. 1, 277.—
(γ).
With inf. ( poet.):
quo non felicior alter Ungueretela manu ferrumque armare veneno,
happier, more successful in, Verg. A. 9, 772; id. G. 1, 284; Sil. 13, 126. —
(δ).
With gerund. dat. (rare):
tam felix vobis corrumpendis fuit,
successful in, Liv. 3, 17, 2.— Adv.: fēlīcĭter.
* 1.
(Acc. to I.) Fruitfully, abundantly:
hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae,
Verg. G. 1, 54.—
2.
(Acc. to II.)
a.
Auspiciously, fortunately, favorably: quod mihi vobisque Quirites, Se fortunatim, feliciter ac bene vortat, Enn. ap. Non. 112, 3 (Ann. v. 112 ed. Vahl.); cf. Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 58:
ut ea res mihi magistratuique meo, populo plebique Romanae bene atque feliciter eveniret,
Cic. Mur. 1, 1; Caes. B. G. 4, 25, 3.—In expressing a wish or in calling to a person, Good luck! faciam quod volunt. Feliciter velim, inquam, teque laudo, Cic. Att. 13, 42, 1:
feliciter, succlamant,
Phaedr. 5, 1, 4; Suet. Claud. 7; id. Dom. 13; Flor. 3, 3 fin.; Juv. 2, 119; Vulg. Gen. 30, 11 al.—
b.
Luckily, happily, successfully (most freq.):
omnes sapientes semper feliciter, absolute, fortunate vivere,
Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:
res publica et bene et feliciter gesta sit,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 40; id. Fam. 7, 28 fin.:
navigare,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 95; cf.:
qui te feliciter attulit Eurus,
Ov. M. 7, 659:
feliciter audet,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 166:
ob ea feliciter acta,
Sall. J. 55, 2.—Prov.:
feliciter sapit qui alieno periculo sapit,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 40.— Comp., Ov. Ib. 305.— Sup.:
bella cum finitimis felicissime multa gessit,
Cic. Rep. 2, 9:
re gesta,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 37, 1:
gerere rem publicam,
Caes. B. C. 1, 7, 6:
cessit imitatio,
Quint. 10, 2, 16: Horatius... verbis felicissime audax, 10, 1, 96.
2.
Fēlix (with abl. Felice, v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 67), a Roman surname of frequent occurrence, first applied to L. Sulla, Plin. 7, 44, 44, § 186.—
b.
Claudius Felix, Suet. Claud. 28.—
c.
Antonius Felix, procurator of Judea and Galilee under Claudius, Vulg. Act. 23, 26; 25, 14.—
d.
Julia Felix, i. q. Berytus, Plin. 5, 20, 17, § 78.
3.
fĕlix, ĭcis, v. filix init.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Felix
19 felix

1.
fēlix, īcis (abl. felici, except Cic. Or. 48, 159; and as nom. prop., v. II. B. 2. infra), adj. [from root feo, fevo, to bear, produce, Gr. phuô; cf.: fio, femina; whence fetus, fecundus, femina, fenus], fruit-bearing, fruitful, fertile, productive.
I.
Lit. (rare; not in Cic.): felices arbores Cato dixit, quae fructum ferunt, infelices quae non ferunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 10 Müll.; cf. Fronto Ep. ad Amic. 2, 6 ed. Mai.; so,
arbor,
Liv. 5, 24, 2:
arbusta,
Lucr. 5, 1378:
rami,
Verg. G. 2, 81; so,
rami feliciores,
Hor. Epod. 2, 14:
silvae,
i. e. of fruitful trees, Verg. G. 4, 329:
Massica Baccho,
fruitful in vines, id. A. 7, 725; cf.
Campania,
Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 60:
felicior regio,
Ov. P. 2, 10, 51; cf.:
felix oleae tractus,
Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 179:
venti,
Val. Fl. 6, 711.—
B.
In partic.
1.
In the old relig. lang.: felices arbores, all the nobler sorts of trees, whose fruits were offered to the superior deities, in contradistinction to the infelices, which were dedicated to the inferior deities, Macr. S. 2, 16, 2.—
2.
Felix, as an adj. propr. in Arabia Felix, the fertile portion of Arabia, opp. Arabia Deserta and Petraea; v. Arabia.—
II.
Transf.
A.
Act., that brings good luck, of good omen, auspicious, favorable, propitious, fortunate, prosperous, felicitous (orig. belonging to the relig. lang.; in the class. per. almost confined to poets;
syn.: faustus, fortunatus, beatus, secundus): quae (omina) majores nostri quia valere censebant, idcirco omnibus rebus agendis: QVOD BONVM FAVSTVM FELIX FORTVNATVMQVE ESSET praefabantur,
Cic. Div. 1, 45, 102; so, QVOD BONVM FORTVNATVM FELIXQVE SALVTAREQVE SIET POPVLO ROMANO QVIRITIVM, etc., an old formula in Varr. L. L. 6, § 86; cf.
also: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix fortunataque eveniat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3:
quod tibi mihique sit felix, sub imperium tuum redeo,
Liv. 22, 30, 4:
auspicia,
Verg. A. 11, 32; cf.
omen,
Ov. P. 2, 1, 35:
o dea... Sis felix, nostrum leves, quaecumque, laborem,
Verg. A. 1, 330; cf.:
sis bonus o felixque tuis!
id. E. 5, 65:
terque novas circum felix eat hostia fruges,
id. G. 1, 345:
Zephyri,
id. A. 3, 120:
sententia,
Ov. M. 13, 319:
industria (corresp. to fertilis cura),
Plin. H. N. 14 praef. § 3.—
B.
Lucky, happy, fortunate (the predom. signif. in prose and poetry):
exitus ut classi felix faustusque daretur,
Lucr. 1, 100:
Polycratem Samium felicem appellabant,
Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92:
Caesar Alexandriam se recepit, felix, ut sibi quidem videbatur,
id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 59:
vir ad casum fortunamque felix,
id. Font. 15, 33:
ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,
id. Brut. 16, 63:
Sulla felicissimus omnium ante civilem victoriam,
Sall. J. 95, 4:
in te retinendo fuit Asia felicior quam nos in deducendo,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10, § 30; cf.:
quin etiam si minus felices in diligendo fuissemus,
id. Lael. 16, 60:
vade, o felix nati pietate,
Verg. A. 3, 480; cf. id. ib. 6, 785:
Praxiteles quoque marmore fericior,
i. e. succeeded better as a sculptor, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 69:
felices ter et amplius, Quos irrupta tenet copula,
Hor. C. 1, 13, 17:
omnes composui. Felices! nunc ego resto,
id. S. 1, 9, 28:
Latium felix,
id. C. S. 66:
tempora,
Juv. 2, 38:
saecula,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 103; Juv. 3, 312; Quint. 8, 6, 24: cf.:
nulla sorte nascendi aetas felicior,
id. 12, 11, 22:
felicissima facilitas,
id. 10, 1, 111:
felicissimus sermo,
id. 9, 4, 27:
ita sim felix, a form of asseveration,
Prop. 1, 7, 3:
malum, i. q. salubre,
salubrious, wholesome, Verg. G. 2, 127 Serv.—Prov.: felicem scivi, non qui quod [p. 734] vellet haberet, sed qui per fatum non data non cuperet, Aus. Idyll. 319, 23 sq.—
(β).
With gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
Vergilius beatus felixque gratiae,
Plin. H. N. 14 praef. §
7: o te, Bolane, cerebri Felicem!
Hor. S. 1, 9, 12:
felices studiique locique,
Ov. M. 5, 267:
felix uteri,
Sil. 4, 359:
leti,
id. 4, 398:
famae,
id. 4, 731:
felices operum dies,
Verg. G. 1, 277.—
(γ).
With inf. ( poet.):
quo non felicior alter Ungueretela manu ferrumque armare veneno,
happier, more successful in, Verg. A. 9, 772; id. G. 1, 284; Sil. 13, 126. —
(δ).
With gerund. dat. (rare):
tam felix vobis corrumpendis fuit,
successful in, Liv. 3, 17, 2.— Adv.: fēlīcĭter.
* 1.
(Acc. to I.) Fruitfully, abundantly:
hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae,
Verg. G. 1, 54.—
2.
(Acc. to II.)
a.
Auspiciously, fortunately, favorably: quod mihi vobisque Quirites, Se fortunatim, feliciter ac bene vortat, Enn. ap. Non. 112, 3 (Ann. v. 112 ed. Vahl.); cf. Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 58:
ut ea res mihi magistratuique meo, populo plebique Romanae bene atque feliciter eveniret,
Cic. Mur. 1, 1; Caes. B. G. 4, 25, 3.—In expressing a wish or in calling to a person, Good luck! faciam quod volunt. Feliciter velim, inquam, teque laudo, Cic. Att. 13, 42, 1:
feliciter, succlamant,
Phaedr. 5, 1, 4; Suet. Claud. 7; id. Dom. 13; Flor. 3, 3 fin.; Juv. 2, 119; Vulg. Gen. 30, 11 al.—
b.
Luckily, happily, successfully (most freq.):
omnes sapientes semper feliciter, absolute, fortunate vivere,
Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:
res publica et bene et feliciter gesta sit,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 40; id. Fam. 7, 28 fin.:
navigare,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 95; cf.:
qui te feliciter attulit Eurus,
Ov. M. 7, 659:
feliciter audet,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 166:
ob ea feliciter acta,
Sall. J. 55, 2.—Prov.:
feliciter sapit qui alieno periculo sapit,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 40.— Comp., Ov. Ib. 305.— Sup.:
bella cum finitimis felicissime multa gessit,
Cic. Rep. 2, 9:
re gesta,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 37, 1:
gerere rem publicam,
Caes. B. C. 1, 7, 6:
cessit imitatio,
Quint. 10, 2, 16: Horatius... verbis felicissime audax, 10, 1, 96.
2.
Fēlix (with abl. Felice, v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 67), a Roman surname of frequent occurrence, first applied to L. Sulla, Plin. 7, 44, 44, § 186.—
b.
Claudius Felix, Suet. Claud. 28.—
c.
Antonius Felix, procurator of Judea and Galilee under Claudius, Vulg. Act. 23, 26; 25, 14.—
d.
Julia Felix, i. q. Berytus, Plin. 5, 20, 17, § 78.
3.
fĕlix, ĭcis, v. filix init.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > felix
20 sine

sĭne (old form sē or sēd; v. the foll.), prep. with abl. [si and ne; si, the demonstrative instrumental, and the negative ne;
hence, nesi was also found,
Fest. p. 165; cf. Rib. Beiträge, p. 15; Corss. Ausspr. 1, 201; 1, 778].
I.
Without.
A.
Form se (sed):
socordia compositum videtur ex se, quod est sine, et corde, Fest. pp. 292 and 293 Müll.: sed pro sine inveniuntur posuisse antiqui,
id. p. 336 ib.: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT SE FRAVDE ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 49: IM CVM ILLO SEPELIREI VRIVE SE FRAVDE ESTO, id. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60:
EAM PECVNIAM EIS SED FRAVDE SVA SOLVITO,
Inscr. Grut. 509, 20.—
B.
Form sine:
tu sine pennis vola,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 180:
ne quoquam pedem Efferat sine custode,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 97:
ut (urbs) sine regibus sit,
Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58:
sine ullo domino,
id. ib. 1, 43, 67:
sine ullo certo exemplari formāque rei publicae,
id. ib. 2, 11, 22:
sine ullius populi exemplo,
id. ib. 2, 39, 66: sine ullā dubitatione; v. dubitatio;
for which, less freq.: sine omni, etc.,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 38; 4, 1, 20:
sine omni malitiā,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 13; Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; Cic. de Or. 2, 1, 5; Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 33: sine dubio;
v. dubius: pol si istuc faxis, haud sine poenā feceris,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 37; cf.:
non sine magnā spe,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:
non sine conscio Surgit marito,
Hor. C. 3, 6, 29; cf.:
non sine floribus,
id. ib. 3, 13, 2:
non sine multis lacrimis,
id. ib. 3, 7, 7:
non sine fistulā,
id. ib. 4, 1, 24.—In poets often with a noun instead of an adjective or adverb; as, sine sanguine, bloodless; sine pondere, weightless; sine fine, endless; sine nomine, nameless; sine sidere, starless; sine viribus, powerless, feeble, etc.:
ignea vis et sine pondere caeli,
Ov. M. 1, 26; so id. ib. 2, 537; 3, 417; 5, 249; 7, 306; 7, 275; 7, 830; 8, 518; 11, 429; 15, 120; Verg. A. 3, 204; 5, 694; 6, 534; Hor. C. 4, 14, 32 al.—Hence, poet., sine pondere, like a noun in dat., for rebus sine pondere:
pugnabant mollia cum duris, sine pondere habentia pondus,
Ov. M. 1, 20.—Several times repeated:
si sine vi et sine bello velint rapta tradere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 51; cf.:
sine praesidio et sine pecuniā,
Cic. Att. 8, 3, 5; and more freq. without et:
eam confeci sine molestiā, Sine sumptu, sine dispendio,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 6 and 7:
hominem sine re, sine fide, sine spe, sine sede, sine fortunis, ore, linguā, manu, vita omni inquinatum,
Cic. Cael. 32, 78:
se solos sine vulnere, sine ferro, sine acie victos,
Liv. 9, 5; v. Drak. ad Liv. 7, 2, 4.—With part. and subst. (rare):
sine causā antecedente,
Cic. Fat. 19, 43:
sine externā et antecedente causā,
id. ib. 11, 24:
sine viso antecedente,
id. ib. 19, 44:
sine inpensā operā,
Liv. 5, 4, 4; 7, 12, 11; 45, 25, 7; cf.:
sine rest tutā potestate,
id. 3, 52, 2 MSS. et Madv. (Weissenb. ex conj.: quā sibi non restitutā).—In epistolary style once without a case, referring to a preceding noun:
age jam, cum fratre an sine?
Cic. Att. 8, 3, 5.—With gerund (very rare):
nec sine canendo tibicines dicti,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 75 Müll.—Taking the place of a clause:
armantur senes aut pueri, et numerus militum sine exercitūs robore expletur,
i. e. without acquiring, Just. 5, 6, 3:
exercitus ejus sine noxā discurrit,
id. 12, 7, 8.—By the poets sometimes put after its case:
flammā sine thura liquescere,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 99:
vitiis nemo sine nascitur,
id. ib. 1, 3, 68.—
II.
In composition, se, or before a vowel, sed, denotes a going or taking aside, a departing, separating, etc.: secedo, secerno, segrego; seditio.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sine

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